| Phytochemistry | C. ternatea | C. decussata | | Carbohydrates | Water-soluble mucilage, delphinidin 3, 3, 5-triglucoside[46]. Oligosaccharides or flutulene[47]. Mucilage contains anhydrog-acatan, anhydropentosan and methyl-pentosan[48]. | | | Proteins and amino acids | Amino acids and amides[51], characterization of amino acid[52]. Protein finotin and three unidentified trypsin inhibitors[53]. | | | Alkaloids | An alkaloid[48, 67]. | Alkaloid[68]. | | Fatty acids/Volatile oil/Fixed oil | Palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids[72,73,74,75]. The seeds yield a greenish-yellow fixed oil[52]. | | | Phytochemistry | C. ternatea | C. decussata | Phenolics/Glycosides/
Triterpenoid/Steroids
| P-hydroxycinnamic acid, flavonol-3-glycoside, ethyl-α-D-galactopyranoside, adenosine, 3, 5, 7, 4-tetrahydroxyflavone, 3-rhamnoglucoside, a polypeptide, hexacosanol, β-sitosterol, γ-sitosterol and an anthoxanthin glucoside[85,86,87,88]. Terntains (blue anthocyanins)[89]. The six major anthocyanins ternatins were isolated and the structures were characterized as malonylated delphinidin 3, 3', 5'-triglucosides having 3', 5'- side chains with alternative D-glucose and p-coumaric acids unit[90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98]. Flavanol glycosides, kaempferol, quercetin, lactones aparajitin and clitorin[99,100,101,102,103,104,105], delphinidin[106], acylated anthocyanins[94], flavonoids, malonylated flavonol glycosides[105, 106]. Yadava & Verma (2003) isolated antimicrobial flavonol glycoside[107]. Banerjee and Chakravarti (1963-1964) reported the isolation and identification of pentacyclic triterpenoid, taraxerol and taraxerone from the roots[108, 109]. Content of taraxerol in root of CT was determined through HPTLC[110]. | Xanthone[56, 68, 111, 112], (-)-loliolides[113], 1, 3, 5-tri and 1, 3, 5, 6, 7-penta oxygenated xanthones[114], 1-hydroxy-3, 7, 8 -trimethoxy, 1, 8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy, 1, 7-dihydroxy-3, 8-dimethoxy and 1,7,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxy xanthones [115]. Ghosal (1971) isolated known and new triterpines[68], lanostane triterpenoids[116]. Simultaneous estimation of mangiferin and scopoletin by spectrofluriometry[117]. | | Plant growth regulator | Indole acetic acid, kinetin, ABA and gibberelic acid[118, 119]. | |
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