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Journal of Integrative Medicine ›› 2014, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (2): 115-120.doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(14)60011-X

• Research Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Protective effect of ginger volatile oil against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: A light microscopic evaluation

Amir Rashidiana, Saeed Mehrzadia, Ali Reza Ghannadib, Parvin Mahzoonic, Samira Sadrd, Mohsen Minaiyane   

  1. a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
    b Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
    c Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
    d Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
    e Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  • Received:2013-09-23 Accepted:2014-01-13 Online:2014-03-10 Published:2014-03-15

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Objective

Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. In the present study, the effect of ginger (rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe) volatile oil on a rat model of colitis was evaluated. 

Methods

Volatile oil of ginger with doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, prednisolone (4 mg/kg), or vehicle were administered orally to groups of male Wistar rats (n = 6) for 5 d. Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group consisting of 6 rats. Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 2 mL of 4% (v/v) acetic acid solution. All rats were sacrificed 24 h later and the tissue injuries were assessed macroscopically and histopathologically. 

Results

Ginger volatile oil with all doses reduced colon weight/length ratio (P < 0.01) and the effects were similar to the reference drugs. Higher oral doses of volatile oil (200 and 400 mg/kg) reduced ulcer severity (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), ulcer area (P < 0.01) and ulcer index (P < 0.01). On the other hand, evaluation of microscopic scores showed that the dose of 400 mg/kg of volatile oil was effective to reduce inflammation severity (P < 0.01) and inflammation extent (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. 

Conclusion

It is concluded that ginger volatile oil could effectively reduce symptoms of experimental colitis in a dose-dependent manner.



Key words: Ginger, Zingiber officinale, Oils, volatile, Acetic acid, Colitis, Rats

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Figure 1

Macroscopic presentation of acetic acid-induced colitis in rats A: Colitis in control group treated with vehicle; B: Colitis in prednisolone-treated group; C, D and E: Colitis in ginger volatile oil-treated group, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively."

Figure 2

Microscopic presentation of acetic acid-induced colitis in rats stained by haematoxylin and eosin (Light microscopy, ×20) A: Normal colon treated with vehicle, mucus layer and crypts are normal and leucocyte infiltration is absent; B: Colitis in control group treated with vehicle, mucosal and submucusal inflammation as well as crypt damage and leucocyte infiltration are evident (arrows); C: Prednisolone-treated colitis; D: Ginger volatile oil (400 mg/kg)-treated colitis."

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