Anti-adipogenic effect of flavonoids from Chromolaena odorata leaves in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

doi:10.1016/j.joim.2018.10.002

Abstract

Objective
The leaves of Chromolaena odorata, a highly invasive shrub found growing wild worldwide, are traditionally used for wound healing. Due to its high flavonoid contents, we aimed to find a new application for this plant. Preliminary tests using its ethanolic leaf extract showed that it could suppress the accumulation of lipids in adipocytes. We therefore studied the anti-adipogenic effect of several C. odorata leaf extracts and the relationship between molecular structure and bio-activity of its isolated flavonoid constituents using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes/adipocytes as a model.

Methods

Three leaf extracts and thirteen flavonoids isolated from C. odorata were tested for their effect on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using AdipoRed reagent, with quercetin as the positive control. The effects of active flavonoids on the adipocytes were confirmed by oil red O staining and visualized under a light microscope.

Results

n-Hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of C. odorata leaves displayed anti-adipogenic activity. The latter extract was the more potent one, especially at 40?μg/mL. Four flavonoids, pectolinarigenin, kaempferide, 4,2′-dihydroxy-4′,5′,6′-trimethoxychalcone and dillenetin, exhibited significant, concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The most potent flavonoid obtained in this study was 4,2′-dihydroxy-4′,5′,6′-trimethoxychalcone, which caused 75% and 90% inhibition of cellular lipid accumulation at 30 and 50?μmol/L, respectively. Both kaempferide and 4,2′-dihydroxy-4′,5′,6′-trimethoxychalcone were major constituents in the ethyl acetate extract of this plant.

Conclusion

C. odorata leaves contained several flavonoids with anti-adipogenic effects against lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The plant, normally considered a useless weed, may actually provide an abundant source of biologically active flavonoids.

Key words: Chromolaena odorata, Flavonoids, 3T3-L1 cells, Adipocytes, Lipotropic agents, Plant extracts

Supakanya Kumkarnjana, Rutt Suttisri, Ubonthip Nimmannit, Thongchai Koobkokkruad, Chutichot Pattamadilok, Nontima Vardhanabhuti . Anti-adipogenic effect of flavonoids from Chromolaena odorata leaves in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(6): 427-434.

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URL: http://www.jcimjournal.com/EN/10.1016/j.joim.2018.10.002

http://www.jcimjournal.com/EN/Y2018/V16/I6/427

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