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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2004, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (4): 292-294.doi: 10.3736/jcim20040418

• Technique and Methods • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of three different drying methods on extraction and separation of ginsenosides from fresh ginseng

Dai-jia Zhang1, Zhi-long Xiu1, Xin-hua Lin2, Dong-jian Qi2   

  1. 1. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, China
    2. Sanitation and Epidemic Prevention Station of Shahekou District, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116022, China
  • Received:2003-11-12 Online:2004-07-20 Published:2018-10-20

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Objective: There exists a close relationship between drying of a fresh herb and its preservation and extraction of efficient components. In order to investigate the influences of different drying methods on extraction and separation of ginsenosides, three drying processes, such as drying in the sun, drying in oven and microwave drying, were used to dry fresh ginsengs .Methods: The ginsenosides of the dry ginsengs were extracted by poaching and microwave heating, and were separated by foam separation.The concentrations of ginsenosides were measured.Results: Microwave drying saved both time and labour, and was favorable for release of ginsenosides. The ginsenosides could be extracted from the dry ginsengs in a shorter time by microwave heating than poaching. The ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rd could be observably concentrated by foam separation.Conclusion: Microwave drying and microwave assisted extraction are efficient and economic methods with a high recovery yield of ginsenosides.

Key words: ginseng, ginsenosides, drying, microwave, foam separation

CLC Number: 

  • R283

Fig 1

Pictures of three different kinds of dry ginsengs A: Drying in the sun; B: Drying in oven; C: Microwave drying"

Tab 1

Foam separation results of ginsenosides in three different kinds of poached ginsengs"

Ginseng sample Concentration
of extraction
(mg/ml)		 Volume of
foam phase
(ml)		 Concentration
of foam phase
(mg/ml)		 Concentration of
residue
(mg/ml)		 Multiple of
concentration		 Recovery
yield
(%)
Drying in the sun 0.96 44.0 1.17 0.72 1.22 67.0
Drying in oven 0.75 10.0 1.27 0.71 1.69 21.2
Microwave drying 0.81 7.5 2.16 0.65 2.67 25.5

Tab 2

Foam separation results of ginsenosides in microwave assisted extraction of three different kinds of ginsengs"

Ginseng sample Concentration
of extraction
(mg/ml)		 Volume of
foam phase
(ml)		 Concentration
of foam phase
(mg/ml)		 Concentration
of residue
(mg/ml)		 Multiple of
concentration		 Recovery
yield
(%)
Drying in the sun 0.97 15.0 1.26 0.79 1.30 24.4
Drying in oven 0.83 7.0 1.32 0.69 1.59 13.9
Microwave drying 0.85 5.0 2.25 0.64 2.65 17.0

Tab 3

Test results of mono-ginsenosides in poached microwave dried ginseng"

Item Volume (ml) Concentration
of total
ginsenosides
(mg/ml )		 Concentration of mono-ginsenoside(mg/ml)
Rb1 Rb2 Rc Rd Rf Re Rg1
Extraction 78.5 0.81 0.030 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.009 0.024 0.025
Foam phase 7.5 2.16 0.186 0.056 0.007 0.053 0.017 0.026 0.024
Residue 71.0 0.65 0.004 – – – 0.005 0.025 0.024
Multiple of concentration 2.67 6.20 28.00 2.33 7.57 1.89 1.00 1.00
Recovery yield(%) 25.5 59.0 267.0 22.0 72.0 18.0 9.6 9.6
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