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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2010, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (12): 1147-1152.doi: 10.3736/jcim20101206

Special Issue: Traditional Chinese Medicine

• Original Clinical Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Common syndrome factors of traditional Chinese medicine in chronic renal failure based on the questionnaire investigation among experts

Kai Qu a, Tian-fang Wanga, Yan Zhaoa,Xiao-lin Xuea, Xiu-yan Wua, Hua-liang Dengb, LuY anga, Li-li Yua, Hong Yuec,Qing-guo Wang a   

  1. a Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
    b Department of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
    c Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Bejing Acadamy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100069, China
  • Received:2010-07-07 Accepted:2010-07-26 Online:2010-12-20 Published:2010-12-15
  • Contact: Tian-fang Wang E-mail:tianfangwang2000@yahoo.com.cn

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Objective

To screen common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome factors of chronic renal failure (CRF) via questionnaire investigation among experts.

Methods

A questionnaire was developed based on the results of our previous researches. The investigation was carried out with the questionnaire among experts who are engaged in clinical research and treatment of nephrosis with the title of chief or associate chief physician from 15 hospitals in China. Common TCM syndrome factors of CRF were obtained based on the data analysis of the mean value on general evaluation, cumulative percentage and coefficient of variation.

Results

A total of 114 sets of the questionnaire were sent out and all of them were returned back, 113 of which were effective. The recovery rate was 100%. The TCM syndrome factors were regarded as common factors of CRF syndrome if the cumulative percentage was more than or equal to 60% and the coefficient of variation was less than or equal to 0.35. The syndrome factors related to the disease location were the kidney, spleen, stomach, heart, and lung; the syndrome factors related to the disease type were dampness, turbid toxin, blood stasis, water retention, and phlegm which belong to excess type, and qi deficiency, yin deficiency, yang deficiency, blood deficiency, and essence deficiency which belong to deficiency type.

Conclusion

The common TCM syndrome factors of CRF were obtained from the representative experts through the questionnaire investigation among the experts. The results enable us to have a deeper understanding of the disease in view of TCM compared with the previous literature data and may contribute to the establishment of TCM syndrome diagnosis criteria of the disease in the future.

Key words: Renal failure, Chronic, Symptom complex, Diagnosis (TCM), Questionnaire

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(n/%)
病位类证候要素 无或偶见 不太常见 常见 比较常见 非常常见
肾 0 0 13/11.50 8/7.08 92/81.42
脾 1/0.88 0 17/15.04 15/13.27 80/70.80
胃 1/0.88 3/2. 65 30/26.55 41/36.28 38/33. 63
肝 6/5. 31 32/28. 32 40/35.40 25/22.12 10/8.85
心 3/2. 65 26/23.01 39/34.51 35/30.97 10/8.85
肺 5/4. 42 37/32. 74 39/34.51 26/23.01 6/5.31

"

病位类证候要素 累积百分比 均数 变异系数
肾 100% 4. 70 0. 14
脾 99. 12% 4. 52 0. 19
胃 96.46% 3. 99 0. 22
心 74. 33% 3. 20 0. 31
肝 66. 37% 2. 99 0. 36
肺 62.83% 2. 90 0. 35

"

(n/%)
病性类证候要素 无或偶见 不太常见 常见 比较常见 非常常见
湿 0 1/0.88 20/17.70 18/15.93 74/65.49
气虚 0 2/1. 77 15/13.27 27/23. 89 69/61.06
血瘀 0 3/2. 65 21/18.58 29/25. 66 60/53.10
浊毒 1/0.88 1/0.88 17/15.04 35/30. 97 59/52.21
水 1/0.88 2/1. 77 18/15.93 34/30. 09 59/52.21
血虚 2/1. 77 8/7. 08 24/21. 24 42/37. 17 37/32.74
阳虚 1/0. 88 11/9.73 25/22.12 44/38. 94 32/28.32
阴虚 0 10/8.85 27/23.89 49/43. 36 27/23.89
精亏 3/2. 65 23/20.35 47/41.59 28/24. 78 12/10.62
痰 5/4. 42 22/19.47 42/37.17 34/30. 09 10/8.85
饮 12/10. 62 25/22.12 47/41.59 20/17.70 9/7.96
热(火） 9/7. 96 36/31.86 31/27.43 29/25. 66 8/7.08
气滞 7/6. 19 35/30. 97 39/34. 51 28/24. 78 4/3.54
津(液)伤 14/12. 39 49/43. 36 37/32. 74 9/7.96 4/3.54
阳亢 23/20. 35 47/41. 59 30/26. 55 10/8.85 3/2.65
气逆 7/6. 19 45/39.82 30/26. 55 30/26. 55 1/0.88
实寒 36/31.86 55/48. 67 18/15. 93 3/2.65 1/0.88
血热 24/21. 24 62/54.87 18/15. 93 8/7.08 1/0.88
亡阳 34/30. 09 56/49. 56 18/15. 93 4/3.54 1/0.88
内风 15/13.27 62/54.87 31/27. 43 5/4.42 0
亡阴 35/30.97 57/50. 44 17/15.04 4/3.54 0

"

病性类证候要素 累积百分比 均数 变异系数
湿 99. 12% 4.46 0. 18
浊毒 98.24% 4. 33 0. 19
气虚 98.23% 4. 44 0. 18
血瘀 97. 35% 4.29 0. 20
水 97. 35% 4.28 0. 21
阴虚 91. 15% 3.82 0. 24
血虚 91. 15% 3. 90 0.27
阳虚 89. 39% 3.84 0. 26
精亏 77.00% 3. 19 0. 32
痰 76. 11% 3. 18 0. 33
饮 67.26% 2.88 0. 39
气滞 62.84% 2.86 0. 36
热（火） 60. 18% 2. 90 0. 39
气逆 53. 99% 2. 74 0. 36
津(液)伤 44.25% 2. 44 0. 41
阳亢 38.06% 2. 30 0.44
内风 31.85% 2. 20 0. 36
血热 23.89% 2. 10 0. 42
亡阳 20. 35% 1. 94 0. 44
实寒 19.46% 1. 90 0.45
亡阴 18. 58% 1.89 0. 43
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