[an error occurred while processing this directive]

Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2011, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (11): 1179-1184.doi: 10.3736/jcim20111104

• Review • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Icariin and its pharmaceutical efficacy: Research progress of molecular mechanism

Yang Chen, Jian-hua Huang, You Ning, Zi-yin Shen()   

  1. Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Received:2011-05-09 Accepted:2011-05-25 Online:2011-11-20 Published:2011-11-15

Icariin is one of the key active components of Epimedium species, which is most widely applied to supplement the kidney in traditional Chinese medicine. Scientific research has found that icariin possesses extensive therapeutic effects such as protecting neurons from injury, promoting growth of neuronal synapse, improving sexual dysfunction and bone morphogenesis, as well as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and anti-depression functions. Considering that molecular mechanism is the fundamental basis for pharmaceutical efficacy of icariin, in this article, the authors retrospectively retrieved 122 scientific papers recorded in the PubMed database with "icariin" in the title from January 1, 1995 to January 5, 2011. It was found that icariin has been closely highlighted in the intervention of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signal pathways, inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5, and regulation of nuclear receptors. Besides, the authors also discussed the main orientation for molecular mechanism of icariin in future research.

Key words: icariin, MAP kinases signaling system, signal transduction, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, type 5, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, receptors, steroid, review

[1] Sun X, Sun X, Jin X, Zhang X, Liu C, Lei L, Jin L, Liu H . Icariin induces mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation into beating functional cardiomyocytes. Mol Cell Biochem. 2011; 349(1-2):117-123.
doi: 10.1007/s11010-010-0666-4
[2] Liu B, Zhang H, Xu C, Yang G, Tao J, Huang J, Wu J, Duan X, Cao Y, Dong J . Neuroprotective effects of icariin on corticosterone-induced apoptosis in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Brain Res. 2011 ; 1375:59-67.
doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.053
[3] Hsieh TP, Sheu SY, Sun JS, Chen MH, Liu MH . Icariin isolated from Epimedium pubescens regulates osteoblasts anabolism through BMP-2, SMAD4, and Cbfal expression. Phytomedicine. 2010 ; 17(6):414-423.
doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.08.007
[4] Zeng KW, Fu H, Liu GX, Wang XM . Icariin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation and resultant death of neurons by inhibiting TAK1/IKK/NF-k:B and JNK/p38 MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol. 2010; 10(6) : 668-678.
doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.03.010
[5] Chen SR, Xu XZ, Wang YH, Chen JW, Xu SW, Gu LQ, Liu PQ . Icariin derivative inhibits inflammation through suppression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB pathways. Biol Pharm Bull. 2010; 33(8) : 1307-1313.
doi: 10.1248/bpb.33.1307
[6] Ding L, Liang XG, Hu Y, Zhu DY, Lou YJ . Involvement of p38MAPK and reactive oxygen species in icariin- induced cardiomyocyte differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells in vitro. Stem Cells Dev. 2008; 17(4) : 751-760.
doi: 10.1089/scd.2007.0206
[7] Wo Y, Zhu D, Yu Y, Lou Y . Involvement of NF-κB and AP-1 activation in icariin promoted cardiac differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. [J] Eur Pharmacol. 2008; 586(1-3):59-66.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.080
[8] WangL, Zhang L, Chen ZB, Wu JY, Zhang X, Xu Y . Icariin enhances neuronal survival after oxygen and glucose deprivation by increasing SIRT1. [J] Eur Pharmacol. 2009; 609(1-3):40-44.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.03.033
[9] Koizumi H, Yu J, Hashimoto R, Ouchi Y, Okabe T . Involvement of androgen receptor in nitric oxide production induced by icariin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. FEBSLett. 2010; 584(11):2440-2444.
doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.04.049
[10] Li S, Dong P, Wang J, Zhang J, Gu J, Wu X, Wu W, Fei X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Quan Z, Liu Y . Icariin, a natural flavonol glycoside, induces apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells via a ROS/JNK-dependent mitochondrial pathway. Cancer Lett. 2010 ; 298 (2): 222-230.
doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.07.009
[11] Zeng KW, Ko H, Yang HO, Wang XM . Icariin attenuates β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity by inhibition of tau protein hyperphosphorylation in PC12 cells. Neuropharmacology. 2010; 59(6):542-550.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.07.020
[12] Xu CQ, Liu BJ, Wu JF, Xu YC, Duan XH, Cao YX, Dong JC . Icariin attenuates LPS-induced acute inflammatory responses: involvement of PI3K/Akt and NF-icB signaling pathway. [J] Eur Pharmacol. 2010 ; 642(1-2):146-153.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.05.012
[13] Chung BH, Kim JD, Kim CK, Kim JH, Won MH, Lee HS, Dong MS, Ha KS, Kwon YG, Kim YM . Icariin stimulates angiogenesis by activating the MEK/ ERK- and PI3K/Akt/eNOS-dependent signal pathways in human endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008; 376(2) : 404-408.
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.09.001
[14] Dell 5 Agli M, Galli GV, Dal Cero E, Belluti F, Matera R, Zironi E, Pagliuca G, Bosisio E . Potent inhibition of human phosphodiesterase-5 by icariin derivatives.[J] Nat Prod. 2008; 71(9):1513-1517.
doi: 10.1149/1.1390889 pmid: 18778098
[15] Ning H, Xin ZC, Lin G, Banie L, Lue TF, Lin CS . Effects of icariin on phosphodiesterase-5 activity in vitro and cyclic guanosine monophosphate level in cavernous smooth muscle cells. Urology. 2006; 68(6):1350-1354.
doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.09.031
[16] Liu WJ, Xin ZC, Xin H, Yuan YM, Tian L, Guo YL . Effects of icariin on erectile function and expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in castrated rats. [J] Asian Androl. 2005; 7(4):381-388.
doi: 10.1111/ajan.2005.7.issue-4
[17] Xin ZC, Kim EK, Lin CS, Liu WJ, Tian L, Yuan YM, Fu J . Effects of icariin on cGMP-specific PDE5 and cAMP-specific PDE4 activities. [J] Asian Androl. 2003; 5(1) : 15-18.
doi: 10.1080/01485010390129287 pmid: 12646997
[18] Wang ZQ, Lou YJ . Proliferation-stimulating effects of icaritin and desmethylicaritin in MCF-7 cells. [J] Eur Pharmacol. 2004; 504(3):147-153.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.10.002 pmid: 155414167
[19] Shen P, Guo BL, Gong Y, Hong DY, Hong Y, Yong EL . Taxonomic, genetic, chemical and estrogenic characteristics of Epimedium species. Phytochemistry. 2007 ; 68(10):1448-1458.
doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.03.001 pmid: 17434191
[20] Mok SK, Chen WF, Lai WP, Leung PC, Wang XL, Yao XS, Wong MS . Icariin protects against bone loss induced by oestrogen deficiency and activates oestrogen receptor-dependent osteoblastic functions in UMR 106 cells. [J] Br Pharmacol. 2010; 159(4):939-949.
doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00593.x
[21] Wu J, Du J, Xu C, Le J, Xu Y, Liu B, Dong J . Icariin attenuates social defeat-induced down-regulation of glucocorticoid receptor in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2011; 98(2):273-278.
doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.01.008 pmid: 21256148
[22] Zhu DY, Lou YJ . Inducible effects of icariin, icaritin, and desmethylicaritin on directional differentiation of embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes in vitro. 2005; 26(4) : 477-485.
[23] Chen KM, Ge BF, Ma HP, Liu XY, Bai MH, Wang Y . Icariin, a flavonoid from the herb Epimedium enhances the osteogenic differentiation of rat primary bone marrow stromal cells. Pharmazie. 2005 ; 60(12):939-942.
[24] Zhao J, Ohba S, Shinkai M, Chung UI, Nagamune T . Icariin induces osteogenic differentiation in vitro in a BMP- and Runx2-dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008; 369(2):444-448.
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.054 pmid: 18295595
[25] Ding L, Liang XG, Zhu DY, Lou YJ . Icariin promotes expression of PGC-lα, PPARα, and NRF-1 during cardiomyocyte differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2007 ; 28(10):1541-1549.
doi: 10.1111/aphs.2007.28.issue-10
[26] Zhang L, Huang S, Chen Y, Wang Z, Li E, Xu Y . Icariin inhibits hydrogen peroxide-mediated cytotoxicity by up-regulating sirtuin type 1-dependent catalase and peroxiredoxin. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2010 Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print]
[27] Wu J, Du J, Xu C, Le J, Liu B, Xu Y, Dong J . In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of a novel derivative of icariin. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2011 ; 33(1):49-54.
doi: 10.3109/08923971003725144
[28] Shindel AW, Xin ZC, Lin G, Fandel TM, Huang YC, Banie L, Breyer BN, Garcia MM, Lin CS, Lue TF . Erectogenic and neurotrophic effects of icariin, a purified extract of horny goat weed (^Epimedium spp. ) in vitro and in vivo. J Sex Med. 2010; 7(4 Ptl):1518-1528.
doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01699.x
[29] Xu HB, Huang ZQ . Vasorelaxant effects of icariin on isolated canine coronary artery.[J] Cardiovase Pharmacol. 2007; 49(4) : 207-213.
doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e3180325abe pmid: 17438405
[30] Johnsson K . Reflections on chemical biology. ACS Chem Biol. 2011; 6(1) : 1-2.
doi: 10.1021/cb100405m
[31] Allis CD, Muir TW . Spreading chromatin into chemical biology. Chembiochem. 2011; 12(2):264-279.
doi: 10.1002/cbic.201000761 pmid: 21243714
[32] Bucci M, Goodman C, Sheppard TL . A decade of chemical biology. Nat Chem Biol. 2010; 6(12):847-854.
doi: 10.1038/nchembio.489 pmid: 21079586
[33] Schimmer AD . Chemical biology — understanding biology and advancing therapy. Clin Invest Med. 2008; 31(5):E282-E289.
doi: 10.3727/096368908786576499
[1] Na Wu , Lu Song , Xin-xin Yang, Jiang-lei Wei , Zhen-guo Liu. Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Tianqi Pingchan Granule on G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 involved in the prevention of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in rats with Parkinson disease. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(9): 1018-1024.
[2] Avijit Paul, Kausik Bishayee, Samrat Ghosh, Avinaba Mukherjee, Sourav Sikdar, Debrup Chakraborty, Naoual Boujedaini, Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh. Chelidonine isolated from ethanolic extract of Chelidonium majus promotes apoptosis in HeLa cells through p38-p53 and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(9): 1025-1038.
[3] Lan He , Dong Li , Ying-sheng Xu. Target points: A discussion on acupuncture treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(9): 961-965.
[4] Dong-mei Zhang, Li-xia Lou, Ai-ming Wu, Xi-ying Lü, Zhao-juan Hu, Yan-hong Zhang, Hong-fang Liu. Effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Potentilla discolor mixture on insulin resistance and its related mRNA expressions in KKAy mice with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(7): 821-826.
[5] Wei-hua Xu, Ze-huai Wen, Wei-xiong Liang, Qi Wang. A review of research on the development of instruments for therapeutic efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(7): 726-737.
[6] Mei-jiao Mao, Jun-ping Hu, Cong Wang, Yi-yi Zhang, Ping Liu. Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Guanxinkang on expression of PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway in ApoE-knockout mice with atherosclerosis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(7): 814-820.
[7] Daniel A. Weber, Janelle M. Wheat , Geoffrey M. Currie. Cancer stem cells and the impact of Chinese herbs, isolates and other complementary medical botanicals: A review. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(5): 493-503.
[8] Qing-lan Wang, Yan-yan Tao , Li Shen , Hong-yan Cui , Cheng-hai Liu. Chinese herbal medicine Fuzheng Huayu recipe inhibits liver fibrosis by mediating the transforming growth factor-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(5): 561-568.
[9] De-bo Qi, Wei-min Li. Effects of electroacupuncture on expression of c-fos protein and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 in the rostral ventromedia medulla of rats with chronic visceral hyperalgesia. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(4): 416-423.
[10] Gerhard Litscher. High-tech acupuncture made in Austria — cerebral circulation. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(4): 362-368.
[11] Jin-bin Han, Yong-qiang Hua, Lian-yu Chen, Lu-ming Liu . Advances in Smoothened-targeting therapies for pancreatic cancer: Implication for drug discovery from herbal medicines. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(3): 256-263.
[12] Satish Patel, Vikas Sharma, Nagendra S. Chauhan, Vinod K. Dixit. An updated review on the parasitic herb of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(3): 249-255.
[13] Zhuo-xin Yang, Peng-dian Chen, Hai-bo Yu, Min Pi, Wen-shu Luo, Yuan-yuan Zhuo . Study strategies for acupuncture treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(3): 293-297.
[14] Li-xin Ma, Yu-yi Wang, Xin-xue Li, Jian-ping Liu . Systematic review on methodology of randomized controlled trials of post-marketing Chinese patent drugs for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(3): 279-292.
[15] Da-rong Wu . Modern testing theory and its application in the field of health measurement. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(3): 271-278.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Wei-xiong Liang. Problems-solving strategies in clinical treatment guideline for traditional Chinese medicine and integrative medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 1-4
[2] Zhao-guo Li. Discussion on English translation of commonly used sentences in traditional Chinese medicine: part one. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 107-110
[3] Jun Hu, Jian-ping Liu. Non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headache. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 31
[4] Xue-mei Liu, Qi-fu Huang, Yun-ling Zhang, Jin-li Lou, Hong-sheng Liu, Hong Zheng. Effects of Tribulus terrestris L. saponion on apoptosis of cortical neurons induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation in rats. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 45-50
[5] . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals: Writing and editing for biomedical publication (Chinese version, part two). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1001-1005
[6] Daniel Weber, Janelle M Wheat, Geoffrey M Currie. Inflammation and cancer: Tumor initiation, progression and metastasis,and Chinese botanical medicines. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1006-1013
[7] Hong Liu , Guo-liang Zhang, Li Shen , Zhen Zeng, Bao-luo Zhou, Cheng-hai Liu, Guang Nie . Application and evaluation of a pseudotyped virus assay for screening herbs for anti-H5Nl avian influenza virus. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1036-1040
[8] Zhao-guo Li . A discussion of English translation of 1995 and 1997 Chinese National Standards of Traditional Chinese Medical Terminologies for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1090-1096
[9] Rui Jin, Bing Zhang. A complexity analysis of Chinese herbal property theory: the multiple formations of herbal property (Part 1). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1198-1205
[10] Hui-min Liu, Xian-bo Wang, Yu-juan Chang, Li-li Gu. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of integrative medicine therapy for treatment of chronic severe hepatitis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1211-1228
[an error occurred while processing this directive]