Chemotherapy,Peripheral neuropathies,Herbal medicine,Alternative medicine,Natural products," /> Chemotherapy,Peripheral neuropathies,Herbal medicine,Alternative medicine,Natural products,"/> Potential application of the Kampo medicine goshajinkigan for prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Search JIM Advanced Search

Journal of Integrative Medicine ›› 2017, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 77-87.doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(17)60313-3

• Review •     Next Articles

Potential application of the Kampo medicine goshajinkigan for prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Marco Cascellaa, Maria Rosaria Muziob   

  1. a Division of Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Istituto Nazionale Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”—IRCCS, via Mariano Semmola, Naples 80131, Italy 
    b Division of Infantile Neuropsychiatry, UOMI-Maternal and Infant Health, Asl NA 3 SUD, Torre del Greco,via Marconi, Naples 80059, Italy
  • Received:2016-09-05 Accepted:2016-10-17 Online:2017-03-15 Published:2017-03-15
  • Contact: Marco Cascella; E-mail: m.cascella@istitutotumori.na.it

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most common and severe adverse effects related to cancer treatment. Unfortunately, although several agents and protocols have been proposed, no prophylactic strategies have yet to be proven useful. Therefore, new alternative therapies have been considered for CIPN prevention. Herbal medicine in Japan, called Kampo medicine, is derived from traditional Chinese medicine. Goshajinkigan (GJG) is a Kampo medicine, that is comprised of ten herbs. The aim of this work is to analyse the results of pre-clinical and clinical studies on the potential applications of GJG in CIPN prevention.

Key words: Chemotherapy, Peripheral neuropathies, Herbal medicine, Alternative medicine, Natural products

1 Cavaletti G, Marmiroli P.Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity. Curr Opin Neurol.2015; 28(5): 500-507.
2 Seretny M, Currie GL, Sena ES, Ramnarine S, Grant R, MacLeod MR, Colvin LA, Fallon M. Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pain. 2014; 155(12): 2461-2470.
3 Park SB, Goldstein D, Krishnan AV, Lin CS, Friedlander ML, Cassidy J, Koltzenburg M, Kiernan MC.Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: a critical analysis. CA Cancer J Clin.2013; 63(6): 419-437.
4 Smith EM, Cohen JA, Pett MA, Beck SL.The reliability and validity of a modified total neuropathy score-reduced and neuropathic pain severity items when used to measure chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients receiving taxanes and platinums. Cancer Nurs.2010; 33(3): 173-183.
5 Plasmati R, Pastorelli F, Cavo M, Petracci E, Zamagni E, Tosi P, Cangini D, Tacchetti P, Salvi F, Bartolomei I, Michelucci R, Tassinari CA.Neuropathy in multiple myeloma treated with thalidomide: a prospective study. Neurology.2007; 69(6): 573-581.
6 Cavaletti G, Beronio A, Reni L, Ghiglione E, Schenone A, Briani C, Zara G, Cocito D, Isoardo G, Ciaramitaro P, Plasmati R, Pastorelli F, Frigo M, Piatti M, Carpo M.Thalidomide sensory neurotoxicity: a clinical and neurophysiologic study. Neurology.2004; 62(12): 2291-2293.
7 Argyriou AA, Iconomou G, Kalofonos HP.Bortezomibinduced peripheral neuropathy in multiple myeloma: a comprehensive review of the literature. Blood.2008; 112(5): 1593-1599.
8 Argyriou AA, Bruna J, Marmiroli P, Cavaletti G.Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN): an update. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol.2012; 82(1): 51-77.
9 Kannarkat G, Lasher EE, Schiff D.Neurologic complications of chemotherapy agents. Curr Opin Neurol.2007; 20(6): 719-725.
10 Tanay MA, Armes J, Ream E.The experience of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in adult cancer patients: a qualitative thematic synthesis. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl).2016. Epub ahead of print.
11 Schmidinger M, Budinsky AC, Wenzel C, Piribauer M, Brix R, Kautzky M, Oder W, Locker GJ, Zielinski CC, Steger GG.Glutathione in the prevention of cisplatin-induced toxicities: a prospectively randomized pilot trial in patients with head and neck cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Wien Klin Wochenschr.2000; 112(14): 617-623.
12 Hilpert F, Stähle A, Tomé O, Burges A, Rossner D, Späthe K, Heilmann V, Richter B, du Bois A; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologoie (AGO) Ovarian Cancer Study Group. Neuroprotection with amifostine in the first-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with carboplatin/ paclitaxel-based chemotherapy—a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase II study from the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynakologische Onkologoie (AGO) Ovarian Cancer Study Group.Support Care Cancer. 2005; 13(10): 797-805.
13 Kanat O, Evrensel T, Baran I, Coskun H, Zarifoglu M, Turan OF, Kurt E, Demiray M, Gonullu G, Manavoglu O.Protective effect of amifostine against toxicity of paclitaxel and carboplatin in non-small cell lung cancer: a single center randomized study. Med Oncol.2003; 20(3): 237-245.
14 Lin PC, Lee MY, Wang WS, Yen CC, Chao TC, Hsiao LT, Yang MH, Chen PM, Lin KP, Chiou TJ.N-acetylcysteine has neuroprotective effects against oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer patients: preliminary data. Support Care Cancer.2006; 14(5): 484-487.
15 Cassidy J, Paul J, Soukop M, Habeshaw T, Reed NS, Parkin D, Kaye SB.Clinical trials of nimodipine as a potential neuroprotector in ovarian cancer patients treated with cisplatin. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol.1998; 41(2): 161-166.
16 Hershman DL, Unger JM, Crew KD, Minasian LM, Awad D, Moinpour CM, Hansen L, Lew DL, Greenlee H, Fehrenbacher L, Wade JL 3rd, Wong SF, Hortobagyi GN, Meyskens FL, Albain KS. Randomized doubleblind placebo-controlled trial of acetyl-L-carnitine for the prevention of taxane-induced neuropathy in women undergoing adjuvant breast cancer therapy.J Clin Oncol. 2013; 31(20): 2627-2633.
17 Kottschade LA, Sloan JA, Mazurczak MA, Johnson DB, Murphy BP, Rowland KM, Smith DA, Berg AR, Stella PJ, Loprinzi CL.The use of vitamin E for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: results of a randomized phase III clinical trial. Support Care Cancer.2011; 19(11): 1769-1777.
18 Ghoreishi Z, Esfahani A, Djazayeri A, Djalali M, Golestan B, Ayromlou H, Hashemzade S, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Montazeri V, Keshavarz SA, Darabi M.Omega-3 fatty acids are protective against paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy: a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial. BMC Cancer.2012; 12: 355.
19 Arrieta O, Hernandez-Pedro N, Fernandez-Gonzalez Aragon MC, Saavedra-Perez D, Campos-Parra AD, Rios- Trejo MA, Ceron-Lizarraga T, Martinez-Barrera L, Pineda B, Ordonez G, Ortiz-Plata A, Granados-Soto V, Sotelo J. Retinoic acid reduces chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in an animal model and patients with lung cancer.Neurology. 2011; 77(10): 987-995.
20 Loprinzi CL, Qin R, Dakhil SR, Fehrenbacher L, Flynn KA, Atherton P, Seisler D, Qamar R, Lewis GC, Grothey A.Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind study of intravenous calcium and magnesium to prevent oxaliplatin-induced sensory neurotoxicity (N08CB/ Alliance). J Clin Oncol.2014; 32(10): 997-1005.
21 Durand JP, Deplanque G, Montheil V, Gornet JM, Scotte F, Mir O, Cessot A, Coriat R, Raymond E, Mitry E, Herait P, Yataghene Y, Goldwasser F.Efficacy of venlafaxine for the prevention and relief of oxaliplatin-induced acute neurotoxicity: results of EFFOX, a randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. Ann Oncol.2012; 23(1): 200-205.
22 Hershman DL, Lacchetti C, Dworkin RH, Lavoie Smith EM, Bleeker J, Cavaletti G, Chauhan C, Gavin P, Lavino A, Lustberg MB, Paice J, Schneider B, Smith ML, Smith T, Terstriep S, Wagner-Johnston N, Bak K, Loprinzi CL; American Society of Clinical Oncology. Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in survivors of adult cancers: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline.J Clin Oncol. 2014; 32(18): 1941-1967.
23 Tournigand C, Cervantes A, Figer A, Lledo G, Flesch M, Buyse M, Mineur L, Carola E, Etienne PL, Rivera F, Chirivella I, Perez-Staub N, Louvet C, Andre T, Tabah- Fisch I, de Gramont A. OPTIMOX1: a randomized study of FOLFOX4 or FOLFOX7 with oxaliplatin in a stop-and-go fashion in advanced colorectal cancer—a GERCOR study.J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24(3): 394-400.
24 Al Moundhri MS, Al-Salam S, Al Mahrouqee A, Beegam S, Ali BH.The effect of curcumin on oxaliplatin and cisplatin neurotoxicity in rats: some behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological studies. J Med Toxicol.2013; 9(1): 25-33.
25 Namvaran Abbas Abad A, Kayate Nouri MH, Gharjanie A, Tavakoli F. Effect of Matricaria chamomilla hydroalcoholic extract on cisplatin-induced neuropathy in mice.Chin J Nat Med. 2011; 9(2): 126-131.
26 Park HJ, Lee HG, Kim YS, Lee JY, Jeon JP, Park C, Moon DE.Ginkgo biloba extract attenuates hyperalgesia in a rat model of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy. Anesth Analg.2012; 115(5): 1228-1233.
27 Lee JS, Kim YT, Jeon EK, Won HS, Cho YS, Ko YH.Effect of green tea extracts on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012; 12: 124.
28 Satoh H.Pharmacological characteristics of Kampo medicine as a mixture of constituents and ingredients. J Integr Med. 2013; 11(1): 11-16.
29 Brami C, Bao T, Deng G.Natural products and complementary therapies for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol.2016; 98: 325-334.
30 Schroder S, Beckmann K, Franconi G, Meyer-Hamme G, Friedemann T, Greten HJ, Rostock M, Efferth T.Can medical herbs stimulate regeneration or neuroprotection and treat neuropathic pain in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy? Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013: 423713.
31 Ohnishi S, Takeda H.Herbal medicines for the treatment of cancer chemotherapy-induced side effects. Front Pharmacol.2015; 6: 14.
32 Watanabe K, Shimada A, Miyaki K, Hirakata A, Matsuoka K, Omae K, Takei I.Long-term effects of goshajinkigan in prevention of diabetic complications: a randomized openlabeled clinical trial.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014; 2014: 128726.
33 Terasawa K.Evidence-based reconstruction of Kampo medicine: part-III—how should Kampo be evaluated? Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2004; 1(3): 219-222.
34 Iwase S, Yamaguchi T, Miyaji T, Terawaki K, Inui A, Uezono Y.The clinical use of Kampo medicines (traditional Japanese herbal treatments) for controlling cancer patients’ symptoms in Japan: a national cross-sectional survey. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012; 12: 222.
35 35 European Commission. Medicinal products for human use.[2016-09-04]. https://ec.europa.eu/health/human-use/ herbal-medicines/index_en.htm.
36 Uno T, Ohsawa I, Tokudome M, Sato Y.Effects of goshajinkigan on insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract.2005; 69(2): 129-135.
37 Higuchi H, Yamamoto S, Ushio S, Kawashiri T, Egashira N.Goshajinkigan reduces bortezomib-induced mechanical allodynia in rats: possible involvement of κ-opioid receptor. J Pharmacol Sci.2015; 129(3): 196-199.
38 Kitamura R, Andoh T, Fushimi H, Komatsu K, Shibahara N, Kuraishi Y.Involvement of descending monoaminergic systems in antiallodynic effect of goshajinkigan in oxaliplatin-treated mice. J Tradit Med. 2013; 30(4): 183-189.
39 Yamada K, Suzuki E, Nakaki T, Watanabe S, Kanba S.Aconiti tuber increases plasma nitrite and nitrate levels in humans. J Ethnopharmacol.2005; 96(1-2): 165-169.
40 Imamura T, Ishizuka O, Aizawa N, Zhong C, Ogawa T, Nakayama T, Tanabe T, Nishizawa O.Go-sha-jinki-gan reduces transmitter proteins and sensory receptors associated with C fiber activation induced by acetic acid in rat urinary bladder. Neurourol Urodyn.2008; 27(8): 832-837.
41 Nakanishi M, Nakae A, Kishida Y, Baba K, Sakashita N, Shibata M, Yoshikawa H, Hagihara K.Go-sha-jinki-gan (GJG) ameliorates allodynia in chronic constriction injurymodel mice via suppression of TNF-α expression in the spinal cord.Mol Pain. 2016; 12.
42 Mizuno K, Kono T, Suzuki Y, Miyagi C, Omiya Y, Miyano K, Kase Y, Uezono Y.Goshajinkigan, a traditional Japanese medicine, prevents oxaliplatin-induced acute peripheral neuropathy by suppressing functional alteration of TRP channels in rat. J Pharmacol Sci.2014; 125(1): 91-98.
43 Nassini R, Gees M, Harrison S, De Siena G, Materazzi S, Moretto N, Failli P, Preti D, Marchetti N, Cavazzini A, Mancini F, Pedretti P, Nilius B, Patacchini R, Geppetti P.Oxaliplatin elicits mechanical and cold allodynia in rodents via TRPA1 receptor stimulation. Pain.2011; 152(7): 1621-1631.
44 Matsumura Y, Yokoyama Y, Hirakawa H, Shigeto T, Futagami M, Mizunuma H.The prophylactic effects of a traditional Japanese medicine, goshajinkigan, on paclitaxelinduced peripheral neuropathy and its mechanism of action. Mol Pain.2014; 10: 61.
45 Kono T, Suzuki Y, Mizuno K, Miyagi C, Omiya Y, Sekine H, Mizuhara Y, Miyano K, Kase Y, Uezono Y.Preventive effect of oral goshajinkigan on chronic oxaliplatin-induced hypoesthesia in rats. Sci Rep.2015; 5: 16078.
46 Kamei J, Hayashi S, Miyata S.Effect of goshajinkigan on vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in mice. Jpn J Pharm Palliat Care Sci.2008; 1(1): 19-24.
47 Andoh T, Kato M, Kitamura R, Mizoguchi S, Uta D, Toume K, Komatsu K, Kuraishi Y.Prophylactic administration of an extract from Plantaginis Semen and its major component aucubin inhibits mechanical allodynia caused by paclitaxel in mice. J Tradit Complement Med. 2016; 6(3): 305-308.
48 Andoh T, Kitamura R, Fushimi H, Komatsu K, Shibahara N, Kuraishi Y.Effects of goshajinkigan, hachimijiogan, and rokumigan on mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel in mice. J Tradit Complement Med. 2014; 4(4): 293-297.
49 Mizuno K, Shibata K, Komatsu R, Omiya Y, Kase Y, Koizumi S.An effective therapeutic approach for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy using a combination therapy with goshajinkigan and bushi. Cancer Biol Ther.2016. Epub ahead of print.
50 Zhou G, Tang L, Zhou X, Wang T, Kou Z, Wang Z.A review on phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the processed lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux. J Ethnopharmacol.2015; 160: 173-193.
51 Suzuki Y, Goto K, Ishige A, Komatsu Y, Kamei J.Antinociceptive effect of goshajinkigan, a Kampo medicine, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Jpn J Pharmacol.1999; 79(2): 169-175.
52 Tai T, Akita Y, Kinoshita K, Koyama K, Takahashi K, Watanabe K.Anti-emetic principles of Poria cocos. Planta Med. 1995; 61(6): 527-530.
53 Di Cesare Mannelli L, Zanardelli M, Failli P, Ghelardini C. Oxaliplatin-induced oxidative stress in nervous systemderived cellular models: could it correlate with in vivo neuropathy?Free Radic Biol Med. 2013; 61: 143-150.
54 Bahar MA, Andoh T, Ogura K, Hayakawa Y, Saiki I, Kuraishi Y.Herbal medicine goshajinkigan prevents paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia without impairing anti-tumor activity of paclitaxel. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013: 849754.
55 Ushio S, Egashira N, Sada H, Kawashiri T, Shirahama M, Masuguchi K, Oishi R.Goshajinkigan reduces oxaliplatininduced peripheral neuropathy without affecting anti-tumor effi cacy in rodents. Eur J Cancer.2012; 48(9): 1407-1413.
56 Chen M, May BH, Zhou IW, Sze DM, Xue CC, Zhang AL.Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy combined with traditional medicines for neutropenia in colorectal cancer: a metaanalysis of the contributions of specific plants. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol.2016; 105: 18-34.
57 Shindo Y, Tenma K, Imano H, Hibino M, Yoshino K, Nakamura M.Reduction of oxaliplatin-related neurotoxicity by goshajinkigan. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho.2008; 35(5): 863-865. Japanese with abstract in English.
58 Kaku H, Kumagai S, Onoue H, Takada A, Shoji T, Miura F, Yoshizaki A, Sato S, Kigawa J, Arai T, Tsunoda S, Tominaga E, Aoki D, Sugiyama T.Objective evaluation of the alleviating effects of goshajinkigan on peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel/carboplatin therapy: a multicenter collaborative study. Exp Ther Med. 2012; 3(1): 60-65.
59 Abe H, Kawai Y, Mori T, Tomida K, Kubota Y, Umeda T, Tani T.The Kampo medicine goshajinkigan prevents neuropathy in breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev.2013; 14(11): 6351-6356.
60 Nishioka M, Shimada M, Kurita N, Iwata T, Morimoto S, Yoshikawa K, Higashijima J, Miyatani T, Kono T.The Kampo medicine, goshajinkigan, prevents neuropathy in patients treated by FOLFOX regimen. Int J Clin Oncol.2011; 16(4): 322-327.
61 Hosokawa A, Ogawa K, Ando T, Suzuki N, Ueda A, Kajiura S, Kobayashi Y, Tsukioka Y, Horikawa N, Yabushita K, Fukuoka J, Sugiyama T.Preventive effect of traditional Japanese medicine on neurotoxicity of FOLFOX for metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.Anticancer Res. 2012; 32(7): 2545-2550.
62 Yoshida N, Hosokawa T, Ishikawa T, Yagi N, Kokura S, Naito Y, Nakanishi M, Kokuba Y, Otsuji E, Kuroboshi H, Taniwaki M, Taguchi T, Hosoi H, Nakamura T, Miki T.Effi cacy of goshajinkigan for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in colorectal cancer patients. J Oncol. 2013; 2013: 139740.
63 Kono T, Hata T, Morita S, Munemoto Y, Matsui T, Kojima H, Takemoto H, Fukunaga M, Nagata N, Shimada M, Sakamoto J, Mishima H.Goshajinkigan oxaliplatin neurotoxicity evaluation (GONE): a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of goshajinkigan to prevent oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol.2013; 72(6): 1283-1290.
64 Oki E, Emi Y, Kojima H, Higashijima J, Kato T, Miyake Y, Kon M, Ogata Y, Takahashi K, Ishida H, Saeki H, Sakaguchi Y, Yamanaka T, Kono T, Tomita N, Baba H, Shirabe K, Kakeji Y, Maehara Y.Preventive effect of goshajinkigan on peripheral neurotoxicity of FOLFOX therapy (GENIUS trial): a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized phase III study. Int J Clin Oncol.2015; 20(4): 767-775.
[1] Cai-lian Fana, Wan-jun Caib, Meng-nan Ye, Miao Chen, Yi Dai. Qili Qiangxin, a compound herbal medicine formula, alleviates hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced apoptotic and autophagic cell death via suppression of ROS/AMPK/mTOR pathway in vitro. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(4): 365-375.
[2] Tareq A. Wani, Zahoor A. Kaloo, Nisar A. Dangroo. Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle: A critically endangered medicinal herb with rich potential for use in medicine. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(2): 104-113.
[3] Jose Antonio Castilla-Jimena, Isabel Ruiz-Pérez, Jesús Henares-Montiel. Impact of socioeconomic and health-related factors on consumption of homeopathic and natural remedies in Spain in 2006, 2011 and 2017. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(1): 52-56.
[4] Rakhi Chakraborty, Swarnendu Roy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from plants: A review of their diversity, modes of action, prospects, and concerns in the management of diabetes-centric complications. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(6): 478-492.
[5] Shu-yi Chen, Qun-wei Chen, Liu-mei Shou, Hong Pan, Shan-ming Ruan, Zhe-hao Liang, Qi-jin Shu. Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis successfully treated with Chinese herbal medicine Pi-Yan-Ning: A case report. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(6): 555-560.
[6] Xin Yin, Shu-bin Cai, Lan-ting Tao, Lu-ming Chen, Zhong-de Zhang, Su-hong Xiao, Arthur Yin Fan, Xu Zou. Recovery of a patient with severe COVID-19 by acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine adjuvant to standard care. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(5): 460-466.
[7] Yunita Sari, Akhyarul Anam, Annas Sumeru, Eman Sutrisna. The knowledge, attitude, practice and predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Indonesia. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(4): 347-353.
[8] Jie Wu, Shu-wei Duan, Hong-tao Yang, Yue-yi Deng, Wei Li, Ya-ni He, Zhao-hui Ni, Yong-li Zhan, Shan Lin, Zhi-yong Guo, Jun Zhu, Jing-ai Fang, Xu-sheng Liu, Li-hua Wang, Rong Wang, Nian-song Wang, Xiao-hong Cheng, Li-qun He, Ping Luo, Shi-ren Sun s, Ji-feng Sun, Ai-ping Yin, Geng-ru Jiang, Hong-yu Chen, Wen-hu Liu, Hong-li Lin, Meng Liang, Lu Ma, Ming Chen, Li-qun Song, Jian Chen, Qing Zhu, Chang-ying Xing, Yun Li, Ji-ning Gao, Rong-shan Li, Ying Li, Hao Zhang, Ying Lu, Qiao-ling Zhou, Jun-zhou Fu, Qiang He, Guang-yan Cai, Xiang-mei Chen. Efficacy and safety of Shenyankangfu Tablet, a Chinese patent medicine, for primary glomerulonephritis: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(2): 111-119.
[9] Bing-rong Li, Shi-yun Shao, Long Yuan, Ru Jia, Jian Sun, Qing Ji, Hua Sui, Li-hong Zhou, Yi Zhang, Hui Liu, Qi Li, Yan Wang, Bi-meng Zhang. Effects of mild moxibustion on intestinal microbiome and NLRP3 inflammasome in rats with 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(2): 144-157.
[10] Ruo-lan Li, Qing Zhang, Jia Liu, Li-ying He, Qin-wan Huang, Wei Peng, Chun-jie Wu. Processing methods and mechanisms for alkaloid-rich Chinese herbal medicines: A review. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(2): 89-103.
[11] Ming-sheng Lyu, De-ying Li, Shao-zhong Zhou, Cheng-jun Ban, Jun Yan. Adult-onset Still's disease successfully treated with Chinese herbal medicine: A case report with 15-month follow-up. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(6): 530-534.
[12] Qing-lan Wang, Yan-yan Tao, Hong-dong Xie, Cheng-hai Liu, Ping Liu. Fuzheng Huayu recipe, a traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine, attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis via targeting the miR-21/PTEN/AKT axis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(6): 505-513.
[13] Mu-yan Kong, Le-yan Li, Yan-mei Lou, Hong-yu Chi, Jin-jun Wu. Chinese herbal medicines for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer: from molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(5): 369-384.
[14] . External application of two unrestricted herbal medicines to treat costochondritis in a young collegiate athlete: A case report. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(5): 450-454.
[15] Arthur Yin Fan, Sherman Gu, Sarah Faggert Alemi, Research Group for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine. Chinese herbal medicine for COVID-19: Current evidence with systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(5): 385-394.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Wei-xiong Liang. Problems-solving strategies in clinical treatment guideline for traditional Chinese medicine and integrative medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 1-4
[2] Zhao-guo Li. Discussion on English translation of commonly used sentences in traditional Chinese medicine: part one. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 107-110
[3] Jun Hu, Jian-ping Liu. Non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headache. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 31
[4] Xue-mei Liu, Qi-fu Huang, Yun-ling Zhang, Jin-li Lou, Hong-sheng Liu, Hong Zheng. Effects of Tribulus terrestris L. saponion on apoptosis of cortical neurons induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation in rats. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 45-50
[5] . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals: Writing and editing for biomedical publication (Chinese version, part two). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1001-1005
[6] Daniel Weber, Janelle M Wheat, Geoffrey M Currie. Inflammation and cancer: Tumor initiation, progression and metastasis,and Chinese botanical medicines. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1006-1013
[7] Hong Liu , Guo-liang Zhang, Li Shen , Zhen Zeng, Bao-luo Zhou, Cheng-hai Liu, Guang Nie . Application and evaluation of a pseudotyped virus assay for screening herbs for anti-H5Nl avian influenza virus. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1036-1040
[8] Zhao-guo Li . A discussion of English translation of 1995 and 1997 Chinese National Standards of Traditional Chinese Medical Terminologies for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1090-1096
[9] Rui Jin, Bing Zhang. A complexity analysis of Chinese herbal property theory: the multiple formations of herbal property (Part 1). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1198-1205
[10] Hui-min Liu, Xian-bo Wang, Yu-juan Chang, Li-li Gu. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of integrative medicine therapy for treatment of chronic severe hepatitis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1211-1228