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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2006, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (4): 343-347.doi: 10.3736/jcim20060405

• Original Clinical Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Applying matching matrix, factor analysis and clustering analysis to investigation of characteristics of syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis in patients with coronary heart disease

Lin Li1, Xiao-dong Li2, Jian-nan Song3, Xiang-zhong Fang2, Yang Miao4, Qian Lin5   

  1. 1. Department of Biostatistics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
    2. Academy of Mathematic Science, Beijing University, Beijing 100871, China
    3. Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;et al.
  • Online:2006-07-31 Published:2006-07-15

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Objective

To investigate the characteristics of syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis in patients with coronary heart disease by multiple statistical methods of matching matrix, factor analysis and clustering analysis, and to provide some references for classification and normalization of diagnosis of syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis of coronary heart disease.

Methods

The correlations among 46 kinds of symptoms in syndrome of non-phlegm and non-blood stasis, syndrome of blood stasis, syndrome of phlegm and syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking in 200 patients with coronary heart disease were analyzed by matching matrix, factor analysis and clustering analysis.

Results

The manifestations of tongue and pulse in syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis were significantly different from those in syndrome of non-phlegm and non-blood stasis. The pathogenesis of viscera in syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis lied in the heart and kidney, andthe syndrome of deficiency of heart qi was the most common one while the syndrome of deficiency of kidney qi took the secondary place. The syndrome of phlegm was often accompanied by syndrome of deficiency of spleen qi. Only 15 ones of 46 clinical symptoms showed high frequency in concomitant appearance in syndrome of blood stasis, syndrome of phlegm and syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking. Apart from having the common symptoms in syndrome of deficiency in origin, the syndrome of phlegm especially showed white and greasy fur and slippery pulse as well as distention and fullness of chest and abdominal distension; the syndrome of blood stasis showed purplish tongue and ecchymosis on tongue as well as fixed pain; and the syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking showed the main symptoms of both syndrome of phlegm and syndrome of blood stasis.

Conclusion

The statistical methods of matching matrix, factor analysis and clustering analysis are convenient, and can definitely indicate the clinical characteristics and syndrome differentiation of viscera of different syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis, which are beneficial to further research of diagnosis and differentiation of such syndromes of coronary heart disease.

Key words: Factor analysis, Clustering analysis, Matching matrix, Coronary heart disease, Syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis, Syndrome differentiation

CLC Number: 

  • R2-03

Table 1

Matching degree (>70％) among main clinical symptoms in syndrome of non-phlegm and non-blood stasis"

Symptom Symptom Matching
degree (%)
White fur Deep pulse 90.909
Weakness Shortness of breath 80.000
Weakness Palpitation 80.000
Weakness Inappetence 80.000
Pale tongue Deep pulse 83.333
Palpitation Abdominal distention 75.000
Palpitation Inappetence 100
Abdominal distention Inappetence 75.000
Thin fur Deep pulse 76.923
Pink tongue Stringy pulse 73.333
Pale tongue Pink tongue 76.923
Pale tongue White fur 76.293
Pale tongue Thin fur 75.571
Thin fur White fur 71.429
Dizziness Soreness of waist 100

Table 2

Matching degree (>70％) among main clinical symptoms in syndrome of blood stasis"

Symptom Symptom Matching
degree (%)
Pain of chest Fixed pain 85.714
Pain of chest Palpitation 85.714
Weakness Palpitation 85.714
Shortness of breath Palpitation 85.714
Palpitation Dizziness 83.333
Palpitation Soreness of waist 83.333
Weakness Pain of chest 75.000
Pain of chest Shortness of breath 75.000
Pain of chest Dizziness 71.429
Pain of chest Soreness of waist 71.429
Fixed pain Palpitation 71.429
Weakness Dizziness 71.429
Weakness Soreness of waist 71.429
Shortness of breath Dizziness 71.429
Shortness of breath Soreness of waist 71.429
Weakness Shortness of breath 100
White fur Thin fur 70.000
Ecchymosis on tongue Thin fur 70.588

Table 3

Matching degree (>70％) among main clinical symptoms in syndrome of phlegm"

Symptom Symptom Matching
degree (%)
Slippery pulse Greasy fur 80.000
Floating pulse Moderate pulse 100
Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 Weakness 100
Shortness of breath Palpitation 100
Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 Shortness of breath 100
Shortness of breath Weakness 100
Weakness Soreness of waist 100
Abdominal distention Dizzyiness 100
White fur Slippery pulse 75.000
Inappetence Red tongue 100
Weakness Palpitation 100
Palpitation Soreness of waist 100
Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 Palpitation 100
Shortness of breath Soreness of waist 100
Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 Soreness of waist 100

Table 4

Matching degree (>70％) among main clinical symptoms in syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking (%)"

Symptom Symptom Matching
degree (%)
Weakness Pain of chest 94.444
Palpitation Pain of chest 94.444
Weakness Shortness of breath 88.889
Weakness Palpitation 88.889
Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 Shortness of breath 84.211
Shortness of breath Pain of chest 84.211
Palpitation Shortness of breath 88.889
Palpitation Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 84.211
Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 Pain of chest 89.474
Distention and fullness in
chest and hypochondrium		 Weakness 84.211
Abdominal distention Weakness 70.588
Abdominal distention Shortness of breath 70.588
Shortness of breath Dizziness 76.471
Palpitation Abdominal distention 70.588

Figure 1

Matching results of main clinical symptoms in different syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis in patients with coronary heart diseaseA: Syndrome of non-phlegm and non-blood stasis; B: Syndrome of blood stasis; C: Syndrome of phlegm; D: Syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking"

Table 5

Corresponding relationship between clustering results and different syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis (Cases)"

Cluster Syndrome of non-phlegm Syndrome of Syndrome of phlegm-blood Syndrome of phlegm Total
and non-blood stasis blood stasis stasis blocking
Cluster 1 5 14 54 6 79
Cluster 2 3 44 15 2 64
Cluster 3 1 11 4 11 27
Cluster 4 10 2 2 1 15
Total 19 71 75 20 185
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