Search JIM Advanced Search

Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2005, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (5): 342-346.doi: 10.3736/jcim20050502

• Expert Forum • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Origin and development of microcosmic syndrome differentiation

Jia-xu Chen, Fei-fei Xue   

  1. Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029
  • Received:2005-07-27 Online:2005-09-20 Published:2005-09-20
  • Contact: Jia-xu Chen E-mail:chenjiaxu@hotmail.com

The suggestion of microcosmic syndrome differentiation is to meet the needs of clinical diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the needs of evidence based medicine and the needs of the development of syndrome differentiation in TCM. The possibility of microcosmic syndrome differentiation might be the development of integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine as well as modern science and technology. Microcosmic syndrome differentiation has its superiority and limitation. There are some problems in developing microcosmic syndrome differentiation, such as lack of standard for syndrome differentiation, contradiction between single microcosmic index and the entirety, non-specificity of the relationship between microcosmic indexes and syndromes, and the influence of disease on microcosmic syndrome differentiation, discrepancy between the essence study of TCM syndromes and the clinical practice. It is suggested that the concept of TCM syndrome is a certain pathological process during the onset and development of disease, composed of some subjective and objective indexes. The objective indexes include the macrocosmic and the microcosmic indexes, the entirety and the part.

Key words: Microcosmic syndrome differentiation, Syndrome, Four diagnostic methods, Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine

CLC Number: 

  • R241
[1] 沈自尹 . 微观辨证和辨证微观化[J]. 中医杂志, 1986,27(2):55-57
[2] 危北海 . 宏观辨证和微观辨证结合的研究[J]. 北京中医杂志, 1992,11(1):19-21
[3] 匡萃璋 . 论宏观辨证与微观辨证相结合的方法学问题——关于血瘀证与活血化瘀研究的几点思考[J]. 中国医药学报, 1992,7(5):3-8
[4] 郭振球 . 微观辨证学的研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 中医药学刊, 2003,21(5):645-646
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-7717.2003.05.001
[5] 张伯礼 . 辨证论治与循证医学[J]. 中国循证医学, 2002,2(1):1-3
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2531.2002.01.002
[6] 王年贵 . 美国国立神经疾病和卒中研究的特别报告[J]. 首都医学院学报, 1991,( 专刊):294
[7] 王拥军 . WHO卒中及其他脑血管疾病特别工作报告[J]. 首都医学院学报, 1991,( 专刊):1
[8] 孟庆云 . 中国中医药发展五十年(第1版)[M]. 郑州: 河南医科大学出版社, 1999,( 第1版):83
[9] 陈家旭 . 中医证候与辨证体系研究现状与展望[J]. 北京中医药大学学报, 2001,24(4):3-8
[10] 牛建昭, 陈家旭 . 对异病同治内涵的思考[J]. 中医药学报, 2003,31(4):1-2
[11] 郭蕾, 王永炎 . 论中医证候中的复杂现象及相应的研究思路[J]. 中国中医基础医学杂志, 2004,10(2):3-5
[12] 谭茹 . 小儿反复呼吸道感染肺气虚证与微量元素关系的研究[J]. 辽宁中医杂志, 1991,18(7):8-10
[13] 张祥德 . 脾虚证尿17-酮和17-羟的初步观察[J]. 中医杂志, 1986,27(5):9
[14] 郭振球 . 21世纪微观辨证学发展的趋势[J]. 中医药学刊, 2001,18(1):4-6
[15] 徐木林, 王秋琴 . 证的定义[J]. 辽宁中医杂志, 1999,26(4):147-149
[16] 申维玺, 孙燕 . 论中医证的化学本质是蛋白质和肽及证本质的分子标准[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志, 1999,19(11):696-698
doi: 10.7661/CJIM.1999.11.696
[17] 郭蕾, 王永炎, 张志斌 . 关于证候概念的诠释[J]. 北京中医药大学学报, 2003,26(2):5-8
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-2157.2003.02.002
[1] Zeinab Vafaeipour, Bibi Marjan Razavi, Hossein Hosseinzadeh. Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its constituent (curcumin) on the metabolic syndrome: An updated review. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(3): 193-203.
[2] Shu-yi Chen, Qun-wei Chen, Liu-mei Shou, Hong Pan, Shan-ming Ruan, Zhe-hao Liang, Qi-jin Shu. Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis successfully treated with Chinese herbal medicine Pi-Yan-Ning: A case report. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(6): 555-560.
[3] Liang Ding, Xin-you Zhang, Di-yao Wu, Meng-ling Liu. Application of an extreme learning machine network with particle swarm optimization in syndrome classification of primary liver cancer. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(5): 395-407.
[4] Si-qi Tang, Yun-liang Wang, Zi-ye Xie, Yang Zhang, Yi Guo, Kang-li Gao, Tang-you Mao, Chun-e Xie, Jun-xiang Li, Xiao-yan Gao. Serum metabolic profiling of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(3): 274-281.
[5] Shu-jun Wei, Qing-man He, Qing Zhang, Kang-hua Fu, Ruo-lan Li, Wei Peng, Yong-xiang Gao. Traditional Chinese medicine is a useful and promising alternative strategy for treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: A review. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(3): 191-202.
[6] Dastan M. Khoshnaw, Abhijit A. Ghadge. Yoga as a complementary therapy for metabolic syndrome: A narrative review. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(1): 6-12.
[7] Johannes Loeser, Brigitte Layer, Christopher Plata, Klaus-Maria Perrar, Tim Hucho, Rebecca Kulbida. Hirudotherapy attenuates arthritic pain in patients with various chronic pain syndromes: A retrospective analysis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(5): 425-433.
[8] . External application of two unrestricted herbal medicines to treat costochondritis in a young collegiate athlete: A case report. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(5): 450-454.
[9] Shi-xin Wang, Yan Wang, Yu-bao Lu, Jie-yun Li, Yu-jun Song, Munkhtuya Nyamgerelt, Xue-xi Wang. Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infectious pneumonia based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(4): 275-283.
[10] Zi-jia Zhang, Wen-yong Wu, Jin-jun Hou, Lin-lin Zhang, Fei-fei Li, Lei Gao, Xing-dong Wu, Jing-ying Shi, Rong Zhang, Hua-li Long, Min Lei, Wan-ying Wu, De-an Guo, Kai-xian Chen, Lewis A. Hofmann, Zhonghua Ci. Active constituents and mechanisms of Respiratory Detox Shot, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, for COVID-19 control and prevention: network-molecular docking-LC-MSE analysis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(3): 229-241.
[11] Hepatology Committee of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine, China. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of hepatic fibrosis with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (2019 edition). Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(3): 203-213.
[12] Xue-qing Yu, Shu-guang Yang, Yang Xie, Jian-sheng Li. Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on syndrome differentiation: Study protocol of exploratory trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(2): 163-168.
[13] Sherman Gu, Arthur Yin Fan. Controversial conclusions from two randomized controlled trials for acupuncture's effects on polycystic ovary syndrome or in vitro fertilization support. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(2): 89-91.
[14] Rebecca Kulbida, Alexander Mathes, Johannes Loeser. Beneficial effects of hirudotherapy in a chronic case of complex regional pain syndrome. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(5): 383-386.
[15] Sonia Chew Wen Phang, Uma Devi Palanisamy, Khalid Abdul Kadir. Effects of geraniin (rambutan rind extract) on blood pressure and metabolic parameters in rats fed high-fat diet. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(2): 100-106.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Wei-xiong Liang. Problems-solving strategies in clinical treatment guideline for traditional Chinese medicine and integrative medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 1-4
[2] Zhao-guo Li. Discussion on English translation of commonly used sentences in traditional Chinese medicine: part one. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 107-110
[3] Jun Hu, Jian-ping Liu. Non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headache. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 31
[4] Xue-mei Liu, Qi-fu Huang, Yun-ling Zhang, Jin-li Lou, Hong-sheng Liu, Hong Zheng. Effects of Tribulus terrestris L. saponion on apoptosis of cortical neurons induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation in rats. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 45-50
[5] . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals: Writing and editing for biomedical publication (Chinese version, part two). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1001-1005
[6] Daniel Weber, Janelle M Wheat, Geoffrey M Currie. Inflammation and cancer: Tumor initiation, progression and metastasis,and Chinese botanical medicines. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1006-1013
[7] Hong Liu , Guo-liang Zhang, Li Shen , Zhen Zeng, Bao-luo Zhou, Cheng-hai Liu, Guang Nie . Application and evaluation of a pseudotyped virus assay for screening herbs for anti-H5Nl avian influenza virus. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1036-1040
[8] Zhao-guo Li . A discussion of English translation of 1995 and 1997 Chinese National Standards of Traditional Chinese Medical Terminologies for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1090-1096
[9] Rui Jin, Bing Zhang. A complexity analysis of Chinese herbal property theory: the multiple formations of herbal property (Part 1). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1198-1205
[10] Hui-min Liu, Xian-bo Wang, Yu-juan Chang, Li-li Gu. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of integrative medicine therapy for treatment of chronic severe hepatitis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1211-1228