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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2012, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (9): 1039-1048.doi: 10.3736/jcim20120913

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Long-term effects of Tiaobu Feishen therapies on systemic and local inflammation responses in rats with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Jian-sheng Li1,2(), Ya Li2, Su-yun Li2, Yuan-yuan Wang2, Li Deng1, Yan-ge Tian1, Su-li Jiang1, Ying Wang1 #br#   

  1. 1. Institute of Geriatrics, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, China
    2. Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2012-01-13 Accepted:2012-02-27 Online:2012-09-20 Published:2018-09-15
  • Contact: Jian-sheng Li E-mail:li_js8@163.com

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Objective: To evaluate the influence and long-term effects on systemic and local inflammation responses in rat with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for regulating and invigorating the lung and kidney, including invigorating the lung and spleen (Bufei Jianpi) therapy, supplementing the lung and kidney (Bufei Yishen) therapy, and nourishing qi and kidney (Yiqi Zishen) therapy.

Methods: Rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, model, aminophyline, Bufei Jianpi, Bufei Yishen and Yiqi Zishen groups. The stable COPD model of rat was duplicated by cigarette smoke inhalations and bacterial infection. From the ninth week, the rats with stable COPD were treated with Bufei Jianpi, Bufei Yishen, Yiqi Zishen granules or aminophyline respectively until the 20th week. Half of the animals were sacrificed at the 20th or 32nd week respectively. The leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured; levels of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in BALF, and levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ (sTNFR2) in serum and lungs were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or immunohistochemical method.

Results: There were no statistical differences in leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage in peripheral blood among six groups (P>0.05). At the 20th week, leukocyte count in BALF was higher in the model group than in the control group (P<0.01), and was lower in the three TCM groups and the aminophyline group than in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and that of the Bufei Jianpi group was lower than the aminophyline group (P<0.01); while at the 32nd week, leukocyte count in BALF of the three TCM groups decreased and was lower than that of the aminophyline group (P<0.05, P<0.01). At the 20th and 32nd weeks, levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and sTNFR2 in serum and lungs, and IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α in BALF of the model group increased, which were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01); the mentioned cytokines were decreased in the three TCM groups compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and were also lower in serum and BALF of the three TCM groups than those of the aminophyline group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Expressions of cytokines in lung tissues were depressed in the three TCM groups as compared to those in the aminophyline group. There was no statistical difference on expressions of the mentioned cytokines either in serum and BALF or in the lungs between week 32 and week 20.

Conclusion: The Bufei Jianpi, Bufei Yishen and Yiqi Zishen therapies can significantly reduce the systemic and local inflammation responses in rats with stable COPD, and have evident long-term effects.

Key words: therapeutic methods (TCM), drugs,Chinese herbal, pulmonary disease,chronic obstructive, inflammation response, treatment outcome, rats

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Chinese name Latin name Amounts (g)
Bufei Jianpi granule
Huangqi Radix Astragali Mongolici 15
Dangshen Radix Codonopsis 15
Baizhu Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 12
Fuling Poria 12
Chuanbeimu Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae 9
Dilong Pheretima Aspergillum 12
Bufei Yishen granule
Renshen Radix Ginseng 9
Huangqi Radix Astragali Mongolici 15
Gouqizi Fructus Lycii 12
Shanzhuyu Fructus Corni 12
Yinyanghuo Herba Epimedii Brevicornus 9
Wuweizi Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 9
Yiqi Zishen granule
Renshen Radix Ginseng 9
Huangjing Rhizoma Polygonati Sibirici 15
Shudihuang Prepared Radix Rehmanniae 15
Maidong Radix Ophiopogonis Japonici 15
Wuweizi Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 9

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Group n Week 20 n Week 32
Leukocyte count (×109/L) Neutrophil percentage (%) Leukocyte count (×109/L) Neutrophil percentage (%)
Control 11 6.20±3.43 17.98±8.92 8 6.00±2.58 19.97±8.00
Model 8 7.88±1.61 19.24±8.42 10 7.33±1.52 19.80±8.80
Aminophylline 9 8.46±3.42 27.54±14.59 9 8.68±1.53 16.62±7.82
Bufei Jianpi 8 5.96±1.08 25.39±12.11 10 7.90±2.60 27.02±13.55
Bufei Yishen 8 7.81±5.32 24.46±8.51 10 6.13±3.14 28.83±15.45
Yiqi Zishen 8 8.14±2.44 27.59±10.33 10 7.62±3.54 25.88±12.22

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Group n Week 20 n Week 32
Leukocyte count (×109/L) Neutrophil percentage (%) Leukocyte count (×109/L) Neutrophil percentage (%)
Control 11 2.91±0.85** 0.86±0.07 8 2.99±1.20** 0.84±0.05
Model 8 6.46±1.59 0.83±0.05 10 6.21±1.50 0.82±0.02
Aminophylline 9 5.16±1.23*△ 0.85±0.05 9 5.83±1.24△△▲□ 0.85±0.06
Bufei Jianpi 8 3.79±1.54** 0.86±0.06 10 3.82±1.07** 0.82±0.04
Bufei Yishen 8 4.46±1.19** 0.84±0.07 10 4.37±1.27** 0.80±0.07
Yiqi Zishen 8 4.20±1.17** 0.85±0.04 10 4.33±1.15** 0.85±0.05

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Group n Week 20
IL-1β IL-6 IL-8
Control 11 10.62±1.68** 52.48±3.42** 64.06±8.17**
Model 8 22.81±1.34 148.71±4.72 120.33±7.15
Aminophylline 9 19.54±0.95**△△▲▲□□ 107.93±4.33**△△▲▲□□ 103.00±4.95**△△▲▲□□
Bufei Jianpi 8 16.29±0.82** 76.11±4.28** 90.77±8.47**
Bufei Yishen 8 17.13±0.71** 99.32±4.45**△△ 90.33±4.37**
Yiqi Zishen 8 15.48±0.64**▲▲ 81.26±3.10**△▲▲ 81.48±5.13**△▲
Group n Week 20
IL-10 TNF-α sTNFR2
Control 11 19.72±2.93** 162.42±6.81** 4.15±0.20**
Model 8 40.50±2.13 328.33±8.80 9.22±0.30
Aminophylline 9 34.22±1.87**△△▲▲□□ 262.44±7.69**△△▲▲□□ 7.17±0.19**△△▲▲□□
Bufei Jianpi 8 27.21±1.61** 203.25±7.71** 5.30±0.23**
Bufei Yishen 8 29.18±1.55** 245.11±7.89**△△ 6.60±0.20**△△
Yiqi Zishen 8 25.74±1.34**▲▲ 211.40±5.55**△▲▲ 5.60±0.18**▲▲
Group n Week 32
IL-1β IL-6 IL-8
Control 8 11.33±1.14** 51.46±2.81** 62.24±9.09**
Model 10 22.10±3.93 133.09±32.29 111.70±19.25
Aminophylline 9 18.56±0.75** 109.52±3.75△△▲▲ 100.48±5.24*△△▲▲
Bufei Jianpi 10 16.87±0.73** 76.80±5.59* 84.13±4.27**
Bufei Yishen 10 16.72±1.13** 84.18±3.36* 85.80±6.23**
Yiqi Zishen 10 18.27±0.89** 102.24±5.21△△▲▲ 95.38±7.31**△
Group n Week 32
IL-10 TNF-α sTNFR2
Control 8 20.35±2.50** 152.90±7.42** 4.11±0.18**
Model 10 38.28±7.07 306.99±62.22 8.39±1.70
Aminophylline 9 34.74±1.66△△▲▲ 225.36±12.09△△▲▲ 6.73±0.15△△▲
Bufei Jianpi 10 27.63±1.63** 198.02±11.46* 5.18±0.24*
Bufei Yishen 10 27.24±1.64** 198.57±5.23* 5.79±0.15*△△
Yiqi Zishen 10 32.22±3.07**△▲▲ 217.36±6.89*△▲▲ 6.62±0.31△△▲▲

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Group n Week 20
IL-8 IL-10 TNF-α
Control 11 64.60±8.77** 20.18±2.43** 164.68±7.44**
Model 8 126.60±6.89 41.16±2.58 337.62±8.60
Aminophylline 9 110.12±4.48**△△▲▲□□ 34.77±2.10**△△▲▲□□ 264.67±6.72**△△▲▲□□
Bufei Jianpi 8 92.64±5.32** 27.14±1.64** 206.59±6.54**
Bufei Yishen 8 96.52±6.90** 29.12±1.54** 245.66±6.56**△△
Yiqi Zishen 8 87.18±4.04**▲▲ 26.57±2.16**▲ 218.84±16.26**△▲▲
Group n Week 32
IL-8 IL-10 TNF-α
Control 8 57.95±8.57** 17.11±2.31** 150.57±6.42**
Model 10 110.34±7.49 37.86±2.05 306.69±8.79
Aminophylline 9 91.28±5.42**△△▲▲□□ 31.79±1.44**△△▲▲□ 220.41±8.57**△△▲▲□□
Bufei Jianpi 10 71.51±5.59** 24.67±1.61** 191.90±6.65**
Bufei Yishen 10 72.85±6.07** 23.29±2.21** 182.57±31.20**
Yiqi Zishen 10 81.47±4.44**△△▲▲ 27.27±1.70**▲▲ 205.17±4.93**△△▲

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Group n Integrated optical density at week 20
IL-1β IL-6 IL-8 IL-10 TNF-α sTNFR2
Control 11 34.21±26.92* 32.12±12.43* 16.61±4.13* 22.78±10.40** 22.63±8.43** 27.37±6.54**
Model 8 53.59±32.61 48.59±28.79 21.99±8.00 42.93±20.13 49.62±10.11 45.93±11.00
Aminophylline 9 51.66±
37.09△▲□		 45.83±
23.47△▲		 19.95±
5.97△▲		 35.37±18.66 34.43±
12.56**△△▲▲□□		 37.54±7.30△
Bufei Jianpi 8 33.43±14.48* 29.93±17.18* 14.68±5.89** 28.11±8.18* 25.11±9.81** 27.33±10.41**
Bufei Yishen 8 28.42±19.77* 29.69±15.86* 16.20±4.53* 25.04±10.60** 23.82±11.13** 30.80±9.26*
Yiqi Zishen 8 34.23±26.50* 31.98±10.60* 14.64±5.34** 26.80±13.90* 23.13±7.41** 33.48±9.58**
Group n Integrated optical density at week 32
IL-1β IL-6 IL-8 IL-10 TNF-α sTNFR2
Control 8 28.91±13.62** 31.09±14.79** 14.24±5.87** 32.25±10.85** 21.50±7.25** 19.54±4.36**
Model 10 66.47±28.05 61.14±17.07 64.12±10.75 61.15±21.34 35.77±9.68 40.58±7.73
Aminophylline 9 54.84±
19.30△△▲▲□		 45.47±21.35 28.23±
12.49**△□		 29.07±17.81** 30.11±14.26△▲ 30.60±9.23▲
Bufei Jianpi 10 34.85±19.44** 38.09±16.95** 19.08±11.36** 27.25±11.24** 22.44±8.98** 23.03±3.07**
Bufei Yishen 10 35.47±28.76** 40.44±10.90** 21.40±4.34** 25.23±12.31** 22.87±9.55** 20.66±3.79**
Yiqi Zishen 10 39.16±22.89** 36.41±15.95** 20.86±12.07** 30.43±8.31** 25.91±9.73* 26.95±9.54
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  Discussed   
[1] Wei-xiong Liang. Problems-solving strategies in clinical treatment guideline for traditional Chinese medicine and integrative medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 1-4
[2] Zhao-guo Li. Discussion on English translation of commonly used sentences in traditional Chinese medicine: part one. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 107-110
[3] Jun Hu, Jian-ping Liu. Non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headache. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 31
[4] Xue-mei Liu, Qi-fu Huang, Yun-ling Zhang, Jin-li Lou, Hong-sheng Liu, Hong Zheng. Effects of Tribulus terrestris L. saponion on apoptosis of cortical neurons induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation in rats. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 45-50
[5] . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals: Writing and editing for biomedical publication (Chinese version, part two). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1001-1005
[6] Daniel Weber, Janelle M Wheat, Geoffrey M Currie. Inflammation and cancer: Tumor initiation, progression and metastasis,and Chinese botanical medicines. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1006-1013
[7] Hong Liu , Guo-liang Zhang, Li Shen , Zhen Zeng, Bao-luo Zhou, Cheng-hai Liu, Guang Nie . Application and evaluation of a pseudotyped virus assay for screening herbs for anti-H5Nl avian influenza virus. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1036-1040
[8] Zhao-guo Li . A discussion of English translation of 1995 and 1997 Chinese National Standards of Traditional Chinese Medical Terminologies for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1090-1096
[9] Rui Jin, Bing Zhang. A complexity analysis of Chinese herbal property theory: the multiple formations of herbal property (Part 1). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1198-1205
[10] Hui-min Liu, Xian-bo Wang, Yu-juan Chang, Li-li Gu. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of integrative medicine therapy for treatment of chronic severe hepatitis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1211-1228
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