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Journal of Integrative Medicine ›› 2019, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 132-140.doi: 10.1016/j.joim.2019.02.001

• Original Experimental Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Medicinal properties of Angelica archangelica root extract: Cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells and its protective effects against in vivo tumor development

Carlos R. Oliveira a, b, 1(), Daniel G. Spindola a, b, Daniel M. Garcia a, Adolfo Erustes a, Alexandre Bechara a, Caroline Palmeira-dos-Santos a, Soraya S. Smaili a, Gustavo J.S. Pereira a, André Hinsberger b, Ezequiel P. Viriato c, Maria Cristina Marcucci d, Alexandra C.H.F. Sawaya e, Samantha L. Tomaz f, Elaine G. Rodrigues f, Claudia Bincoletto a,1()   

  1. a Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
    b Grupo de Fitocomplexos e Sinalização Celular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, SP 03164-000, Brazil
    c Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas e Bioquímicas Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, SP 01151-000, Brazil
    d Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Quimiometria, Programa de pós-graduação em Farmácia e Biotecnologia, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05145-200, Brazil
    e Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-871, Brazil
    f Unidade de Oncologia Experimental, EPM, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-901, Brazil
  • Received:2018-05-16 Accepted:2018-11-02 Online:2019-03-06 Published:2019-05-18

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Objective
Although Angelica archangelica is a medicinal and aromatic plant with a long history of use for both medicinal and food purposes, there are no studies regarding the antineoplastic activity of its root. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antitumor effects of the crude extract of A. archangelica root (CEAA) on breast cancer.
Methods
The cytotoxicity of CEAA against breast adenocarcinoma cells (4T1 and MCF-7) was evaluated by a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Morphological and biochemical changes were detected by Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V/PI staining. Cytosolic calcium mobilization was evaluated in cells staining with FURA-4NW. Immunoblotting was used to determine the effect of CEAA on anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax, respectively). The 4T1 cell-challenged mice were used for in vivo assay.
Results
Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, angelicin, a constituent of the roots and leaves of A. archangelica, was found to be the major constituent of the CEAA evaluated in this study (73?μg/mL). The CEAA was cytotoxic for both breast cancer cell lines studied but not for human fibroblasts. Treatment of 4T1 cells with the CEAA increased Bax protein levels accompanied by decreased Bcl-2 expression, in the presence of cleaved caspase-3 and cytosolic calcium mobilization, suggesting mitochondrial involvement in breast cancer cell death induced by the CEAA in this cell line. No changes on the Bcl-2/Bax ratio were observed in CEAA-treated MCF7 cells. Gavage administration of the CEAA (500?mg/kg) to 4T1 cell-challenged mice significantly decreased tumor growth when compared with untreated animals.
Conclusion
Altogether, our data show the antitumor potential of the CEAA against breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Further research is necessary to better elucidate the pharmacological application of the CEAA in breast cancer therapy.

Key words: Angelica archangelica, Umbelliferae, Apoptosis, Cell death, Breast cancer, Angelicin

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