Search JIM Advanced Search

Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2010, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (11): 1006-1013.doi: 10.3736 jcim20101101

• Review • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Inflammation and cancer: Tumor initiation, progression and metastasis,and Chinese botanical medicines

Daniel Webera,b,c,Janelle M Wheata,d,e,Geoffrey M Curriea,d,e   

  1. a Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
    b Panaxea Medicine, PO BOX 269 Alexandria, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia
    c World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, Beijing 100101, China
    d Centre for Research in Complex Systems, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
    e Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
  • Received:2010-07-05 Accepted:2010-08-17 Online:2010-11-20 Published:2010-11-15
  • Contact: Daniel Weber E-mail:drdweber@panaxea.com

Both historically and contemporarily, cancer is seen as an inflammatory process. Evidence has emerged in the last two decades that at the molecular level most chronic diseases, including cancer, are caused by a dysregulated inflammatory response. The identification of transcription factors such as nuclear factor-kappa B and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and their gene products such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, chemokines, cyclooxygenase-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor, adhesion molecules and others has provided the molecular basis for the role of inflammation in cancer. Tumor initiation, its progression and metastasis and the failure of immune suppression of tumors all can be attributed in part to chronic and systemic inflammation. Chinese herbs have a long history in both treatment of cancer and suppres?sion of inflammation. This paper looks at recent research on cancer and inflammation and Chinese herbs and compounds, which can be used in the treatment of cancer.

Key words: Neoplasms, Inflammation, Chemokine, Cytokines, Drugs,Chinese herbal

[1] Parsonnet J. Microbes and malignancy: infection as a cause of human cancers[M]. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999: 3-15
[2] Chan K . Progress in traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Trends Pharmacol Sci, 1995,16(6):182-187
doi: 10.1016/S0165-6147(00)89019-7 pmid: 7652926
[3] Dalgleish AG, O’Byrne K . Inflammation and cancer: the role of the immune response and angiogenesis[J]. Cancer Treat Res, 2006,130:1-38
doi: 10.1007/b137303
[4] Balkwill F, Mantovani A . Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?[J]. Lancet, 2001,375(9255):539-545
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04046-0 pmid: 11229684
[5] Balkwill F . TNF-α in promotion and progression of cancer[J]. Cancer Metastasis Rev, 2006,25(3):409-416
doi: 10.1007/s10555-006-9005-3
[6] Blanco D, Vicent S, Fraga MF, Fernandez-Garcia I, Freire J, Lujambio A, Esteller M , Ortiz-de-Solorzano C, Pio R, Lecanda F, Montuenga LM .Molecular analysis of a multistep lung cancer model induced by chronic inflammation reveals epigenetic regulation of p16 and activation of the DNA damage response pathway[J]. Neoplasia, 2007,9(10):840-852
doi: 10.1593/neo.07517
[7] Hussain SP, Harris CC . Inflammation and cancer: an ancient link with novel potentials[J]. Int J Cancer, 2007,121(11):2373-2380
doi: 10.1002/ijc.23173 pmid: 17893866
[8] Ohshima H, Tatemichi M, Sawa T . Chemical basis of inflammation-induced carcinogenesis[J]. Arch Biochem Biophys, 2003,417(1):3-11
doi: 10.1016/S0003-9861(03)00283-2 pmid: 12921773
[9] Allavena P, Garlanda C, Borrello MG, Sica A, Mantovani A . Pathways connecting inflammation and cancer[J]. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 2008,18(1):3-10
doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2008.01.003 pmid: 18325755
[10] Macarthur M, Hold GL, El-Omar EM . Inflammation and Cancer Ⅱ. Role of chronic inflammation and cytokine gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal malignancy[J]. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 2004,286(4):G515-G520
doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00475.2003
[11] Shacter E, Weitzman SA . Chronic inflammation and cancer[J]. Oncology (Williston Park), 2002,16(2):217-226, 229
[12] Schetter AJ, Heegaard NH, Harris CC . Inflammation and cancer: interweaving microRNA, free radical, cytokine and p53 pathways[J]. Carcinogenesis, 2010,31(1):37-49
doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgp272 pmid: 19955394
[13] [ OTHER]. AACR (American Association for Cancer Research). Accessed June 2010.
[14] Whiteside TL. The role of immune cells in the tumour microenvironment. In: Dalgleish AG, Haefner B. The link between inflammation and cancer: wounds that do not heal[M]. New York: Springer Science+Business Meida, Inc,2006:
[15] Alarcon RM, Denko NC, Giaccia AJ . Genetic determinants that influence hypoxia-induced apoptosis[J]. Novartis Found Symp, 2001,240:115-128
doi: 10.1002/0470868716.ch8 pmid: 11727925
[16] Grivennikov S, Karin M . Autocrine IL-6 signaling: a key event in tumorigenesis?[J]. Cancer Cell, 2008,13(1):7-9
doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.12.020 pmid: 18167335
[17] Grivennikov S, Karin E, Terzic J, Mucida D, Yu GY, Vallabhapurapu S, Scheller J, Rose-John S, Cheroutre H, Eckmann L, Karin M . IL-6 and Stat3 are required for survival of intestinal epithelial cells and development of colitis-associated cancer[J]. Cancer Cell, 2009,15(2):103-113
doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.01.001
[18] Germano G, Allavena P, Mantovani A . Cytokines as a key component of cancer-related inflammation[J]. Cytokine, 2008,43(3):374-379
doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2008.07.014 pmid: 18701317
[19] Taga T, Kishimoto T . Gp130 and the interleukin-6 family of cytokines[J]. Annu Rev Immunol, 1997,15:797-819
doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.797
[20] Gao SP, Mark KG, Leslie K, Pao W, Motoi N, Gerald WL, Travis WD, Bornmann W, Veach D, Clarkson B, Bromberg JF . Mutations in the EGFR kinase domain mediate STAT3 activation via IL-6 production in human lung adenocarcinomas[J]. J Clin Invest, 2007,117(12):3846-3856
doi: 10.1172/JCI31871
[21] Sansone P, Storci G, Tavolari S, Guarnieri T, Giovannini C, Taffurelli M, Ceccarelli C, Santini D, Paterini P, Marcu KB, Chieco P, Bonafè M . IL-6 triggers malignant features in mammospheres from human ductal breast carcinoma and normal mammary gland[J]. J Clin Invest, 2007,117(12):3988-4002
doi: 10.1172/JCI32533
[22] Su JL, Lai KP, Chen CA, Yang CY, Chen PS, Chang CC, Chou CH, Hu CL, Kuo ML, Hsieh CY, Wei LH . A novel peptide specifically binding to interleukin-6 receptor(gp80) inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth[J]. Cancer Res, 2005,65(11):4827-4835
doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0188
[23] Salgado R, Junius S, Benoy I, Van Dam P, Vermeulen P, Van Marck E, Huget P, Dirix LY . Circulating interleukin-6 predicts survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer[J]. Int J Cancer, 2002,103(5):642-646
doi: 10.1002/ijc.10833 pmid: 12494472
[24] Barton BE . Interleukin-6 and new strategies for the treatment of cancer, hyperproliferative diseases and paraneoplastic syndromes[J]. Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2005,9(4):737-752
doi: 10.1517/14728222.9.4.737
[25] Moshage HJ, Roelofs HM, van Pelt JF, Hazenberg BP, van Leeuwen MA, Limburg PC, Aarden LA, Yap SH .The effect of interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and its interrelationship on the synjournal of serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein in primary cultures of adult human hepatocytes[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1988,155(1):112-117
doi: 10.1016/S0006-291X(88)81056-8
[26] Harris TB, Ferrucci L, Tracy RP, Corti MC, Wacholder S, Ettinger WH Jr, Heimovitz H, Cohen HJ, Wallace R . Associations of elevated interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein levels with mortality in the elderly[J]. Am J Med, 1999,106(5):506-512
doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00066-2
[27] Hodge DR, Hurt EM, Farrar WL . The role of IL-6 and STAT3 in inflammation and cancer[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2005,41(16):2502-2512
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.08.016 pmid: 16199153
[28] Yu H, Jove R . The STATs of cancer — new molecular targets come of age[J]. Nat Rev Cancer, 2004,4(2):97-105
doi: 10.1038/nrc1275 pmid: 14964307
[29] Pierce BL, Neuhouser ML, Wener MH, Bernstein L, Baumgartner RN, Ballard-Barbash R, Gilliland FD, Baumgartner KB, Sorensen B , McTiernan A, Ulrich CM.Correlates of circulating C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A concentrations in breast cancer survivors[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009,114(1):155-167
doi: 10.1007/s10549-008-9985-5
[30] Pierce BL, Ballard-Barbash R, Bernstein L, Baumgartner RN, Neuhouser ML, Wener MH, Baumgartner KB, Gilliland FD, Sorensen BE, McTiernan A, Ulrich CM .Elevated biomarkers of inflammation are associated with reduced survival among breast cancer patients[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2009,27(21):3437-3444
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.18.9068
[31] Shacter E, Weitzman SA . Chronic inflammation and cancer[J]. Oncology (Williston Park), 2002,16(2):217-226
[32] Menter DG, Schilsky RL , DuBois RN.Cyclooxygenase-2 and cancer treatment: understanding the risk should be worth the reward[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2010,16(5):1384-1390
doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0788 pmid: 4307592
[33] Ristimäki A . Cyclooxygenase 2: from inflammation to carcinogenesis[J]. Novartis Found Symp, 2004,256:215-221
doi: 10.1002/0470856734.ch16 pmid: 15027493
[34] Hoff ER, Tubbs RR, Myles JL, Procop GW . HER2/neu amplification in breast cancer: stratification by tumor type and grade[J]. Am J Clin Pathol, 2002,117(6):916-921
doi: 10.1309/4NTU-N6K4-F8JF-EWRX
[35] Hamburger AW, Salmon SE . Primary bioassay of human tumor stem cells[J]. Science, 1977,197(4302):461-463
doi: 10.1126/science.560061 pmid: 560061
[36] Ginestier C, Liu S, Diebel ME, Korkaya H, Luo M, Brown M, Wicinski J, Cabaud O, Charafe-Jauffret E, Birnbaum D, Guan JL, Dontu G, Wicha MS . CXCR1 blockade selectively targets human breast cancer stem cells in vitro and in xenografts[J]. J Clin Invest, 2010,120(2):485-497
doi: 10.1172/JCI39397
[37] Domen J, Weissman IL . Hematopoietic stem cells need two signals to prevent apoptosis; BCL-2 can provide one of these, Kitl/c-Kit signaling the other[J]. J Exp Med, 2000,192(12):1707-1718
doi: 10.1084/jem.192.12.1707
[38] Unschuld PU. Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen: nature, knowledge, imagery in an ancient Chinese medical text[M]. Berkeley CA: University of California Press,2003:
[39] Franek KJ, Zhou Z, Zhang WD, Chen WY . In vitro studies of baicalin alone or in combination with Salvia miltiorrhiza extract as a potential anti-cancer agent[J]. Int J Oncol, 2005,26(1):217-224
[40] Wang SM, Luo YM . Study of aqueous extract of Lignum Sappan on ulcerative colitis cytokines[J]. Nan Hua Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 2007,35(1):4-6
王淑敏, 罗祎敏 . 苏木水提物对大鼠溃疡性结肠炎细胞因子影响的实验研究[J]. 南华大学学报(医学版), 2007,35(1):4-6
[41] Ren LS, Xu JG, Ma JY, Zhang H, Zhuang BQ, Zhang L . Study on the antitumor effect of Lignum Sappan[J]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 1990,15(5):50-51
任连生, 徐建国, 马俊英, 张蕻, 庄碧琼, 张莉 . 苏木抗癌作用的研究[J]. 中国中药杂志, 1990,15(5):50-51
[42] Hu Y, Chen X, Duan H, Hu Y, Mu X . Pulsatilla decoction and its active ingredients inhibit secretion of NO, ET-1, TNF-alpha, and IL-1 alpha in LPS-induced rat intestinal microvascular endothelial cells[J]. Cell Biochem Funct, 2009,275(5):284-288
[43] Xian LN, Qian SH . Progress in the studies of anti-cancer function of traditional Chinese medicines[J]. Zhongguo Ye Sheng Zhi Wu Zi Yuan, 2009,28(4):1-5, 19
咸丽娜, 钱士辉 . 抗癌中药研究进展[J]. 中国野生植物资源, 2009,28(4):1-5, 19
[44] Bang SC, Kim Y, Lee JH, Ahn BZ . Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Pulsatilla koreana[J]. J Nat Prod, 2005,68(2):268-272
doi: 10.1021/np049813h
[45] Xiao FY, Lu FE, Xu LJ . Effect of different parts of Portulace oleracea on the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the supernatant of cultured adipose cell[J]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 2005,30(22):1763-1766
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-5302.2005.22.013
肖凤英, 陆付耳, 徐丽君 . 马齿苋及其不同部位对高脂血清损伤脂肪细胞分泌TNF-α及IL-6的影响[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2005,30(22):1763-1766
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-5302.2005.22.013
[46] Zhang KF, Zhao SQ, Liu CM . In vitro effects of pokeberry root decoction on TNF-α and IL-6 production of peripheral lymph[J]. Zunyi Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao, 2004,27(2):134-136
张克非, 赵士启, 刘春梅 . 商陆水煎剂对PNS患者外周血淋巴细胞培养TNF-α和IL-6的影响[J]. 遵义医学院学报, 2004,27(2):134-136
[47] Zhang SP, Li YL, Zheng F . Effects of Flos Dendranthematis Indici on SIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α in rabbits[J]. Tianjin Zhong Yi, 2000,17(2):34-36
张淑萍, 李雅玲, 郑芳 . 中药野菊花对家兔模型SIL-2R、IL-6、TNF-α的影响[J]. 天津中医, 2000,17(2):34-36
[48] Liu YD, Wu W, Wang S, Kuang ZY, Li R, Huang YS . The influence of baicalin on the level of serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 in diet-induced hyperlipidemic and CPn-infected mice[J]. Sichuan Zhong Yi, 2006,24(9):19-20
刘煜德, 吴伟, 王嵩, 邝枣园, 李荣, 黄衍寿 . 黄芩苷对CPn感染高胆固醇饮食小鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10的调节作用[J]. 四川中医, 2006,24(9):19-20
[49] Chan FL, Choi HL, Chen ZY, Chan PS, Huang Y . Induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines by a flavonoid, baicalin[J]. Cancer Lett, 2000,160(2):219-228
doi: 10.1016/S0304-3835(00)00591-7 pmid: 11053652
[50] Zhu W, Sun HG, Zhu X . Effects of baicalein on inflammation[J]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Tong Bao, 2009,25(2):194-197
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1978.2009.02.015
朱伟, 孙红光, 朱迅 . 黄芩苷元对炎症反应的影响[J]. 中国药理学通报, 2009,25(2):194-197
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1978.2009.02.015
[51] Zhang J, Wan SQ . The therapeutic effects of scutellarin on endometriosis in rats[J]. Shizhen Guo Yi Guo Yao, 2007,18(4):895-897
张军, 万淑琼 . 黄芩素治疗子宫内膜异位症的作用研究[J]. 时珍国医国药, 2007,18(4):895-897
[52] Tu X, Wang JM, Zhou XL, Tu JW . Effect of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn extraction on IL-6 and IL-8 of middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats[J]. Zhongguo Yao Shi, 2004,7(3):163-165
涂欣, 王晋明, 周晓莉, 涂晋文 . 白花前胡提取物对大脑中动脉梗塞大鼠IL-6及IL-8的影响[J]. 中国药师, 2004,7(3):163-165
[53] Wu JY, Fong WF, Zhang JX, Leung CH, Kwong HL, Yang MS, Li D, Cheung HY . Reversal of multidrug resistance in cancer cells by pyranocoumarins isolated from Radix Peucedani[J]. Eur J Pharmacol, 2003,473(1):9-17
doi: 10.1016/S0014-2999(03)01946-0
[54] Jin DZ, Yin LL, Ji XQ, Zhu XZ . Cryptotanshinone inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme activity but not its expression[J]. Eur J Pharmacol, 2006,549(1-3):166-172
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.07.055 pmid: 16989810
[55] Liu J, Wang ZT, Ji LL, Ge BX . Inhibitory effects of neoandrographolide on nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production in LPS-stimulated murine macrophage[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2007,298(1-2):49-57
doi: 10.1007/s11010-006-9349-6
[56] Wu SJ, Tsai JY, Chang SP, Lin DL, Wang SS, Huang SN, Ng LT . Supercritical carbon dioxide extract exhibits enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Physalis peruviana[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2006,108(3):407-413
doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.05.027
[57] Nangia-Makker P, Tait L, Shekhar MP, Palomino E, Hogan V, Piechocki MP, Funasaka T, Raz A . Inhibition of breast tumor growth and angiogenesis by a medicinal herb: Ocimum gratissimum[J]. Int J Cancer, 2007,121(4):884-894
doi: 10.1002/ijc.22733 pmid: 3613994
[58] Shin DS, Kim HN, Shin KD, Yoon YJ, Kim SJ, Han DC, Kwon BM . Cryptotanshinone inhibits constitutive signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 function through blocking the dimerization in DU145 prostate cancer cells[J]. Cancer Res, 2009,69(1):193-202
doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-2575
[59] Song H, Wang R, Wang S, Lin J . A low-molecular-weight compound discovered through virtual database screening inhibits Stat3 function in breast cancer cells[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2005,102(13):4700-4705
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0409894102
[60] Bromberg JF, Wrzeszczynska MH, Devgan G, Zhao Y, Pestell RG, Albanese C, Darnell JE Jr . Stat3 as an oncogene[J]. Cell, 1999,98(3):295-303
doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81959-5
[61] Darnell JE Jr . Transcription factors as targets for cancer therapy[J]. Nat Rev Cancer, 2002,2(10):740-749
doi: 10.1038/nrc906 pmid: 12360277
[62] Wei X, Gong J, Zhu J, Niu L, Zhu W, Li N, Li J . Therapeutic effects of triptolide on interleukin-10 gene-deficient mice with colitis[J]. Int Immunopharmacol, 2008,8(13-14):1808-1812
doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.08.019 pmid: 18804190
[63] Rzasa A, Stefaniak T, Jawor P, Gosiewski S, Toborowicz P . The effect of HERB-mix ® in piglets’ diarrhoea prevention [J]. Arch Tierz (Dummerstorf), 2007,50:136-143
[64] Bollrath J, Greten FR . IKK/NF-kappaB and STAT3 pathways: central signalling hubs in inflammation-mediated tumour promotion and metastasis[J]. EMBO Rep, 2009,10(12):1314-1319
doi: 10.1038/embor.2009.243
[1] Keat Lam Ho, Phaik Har Yong, Chee Woon Wang, Umah Rani Kuppusamy, Chek Tung Ngo, Festo Massawe, Zhi Xiang Ng. Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth and eye diseases: A review on phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(4): 292-304.
[2] Jia-yi Zhao, Jin Pu, Jian Fan, Xin-yu Feng, Jian-wen Xu, Rong Zhang, Yan Shang. Tanshinone IIA prevents acute lung injury by regulating macrophage polarization. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(3): 274-280.
[3] Peter Bablis, Henry Pollard, Anthony L. Rosner. Stress reduction via neuro-emotional technique to achieve the simultaneous resolution of chronic low back pain with multiple inflammatory and biobehavioural indicators: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(2): 135-144.
[4] Ye-juan Jia, Tian-yu Li, Peng Han, Yu Chen, Li-jia Pan, Chun-sheng Jia. Effects of different courses of moxibustion treatment on intestinal flora and inflammation of a rat model of knee osteoarthritis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(2): 173-181.
[5] Victor Abou Nehmi Filho, Gilson Masahiro Murata, Ruan Carlos Macêdo de Moraes, Gabriely Cristina Alves Lima, Danielle Araujo de Miranda, Katrin Radloff, Raquel Galvão Figuerêdo Costa, Joyce de Cassia Rosa de Jesus, Jéssica Alves De Freitas, Nayara Izabel Viana, Ruan Pimenta, Katia Ramos Moreira Leite, José Pinhata Otoch, Ana Flávia Marçal Pessoa. A novel supplement with yeast β-glucan, prebiotic, minerals and Silybum marianum synergistically modulates metabolic and inflammatory pathways and improves steatosis in obese mice. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(5): 439-450.
[6] Hui Chen, Wei Feng, Ye Lu, Yi Yang, Zhong-hai Xin, Man Li, Li Xin, Ying-di Gong. Effects and mechanism of Chinese medicine Jiawei Yupingfeng in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(4): 354-361.
[7] Na Zhi, Qian Mo, Shuo Yang, Yuan-xing Qin, Hao Chen, Zeng-guang Wu, Cai-hong Lan, Jun Zhang, Yin-long Li. Treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in one convalescent patient with corona virus disease 2019 by oral traditional Chinese medicine decoction: A case report. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(2): 185-190.
[8] Mu-yan Kong, Le-yan Li, Yan-mei Lou, Hong-yu Chi, Jin-jun Wu. Chinese herbal medicines for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer: from molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(5): 369-384.
[9] Swatantra Kumar, Vimal K Maurya, Debadatta Nayak, Anil Khurana, Raj K Manchanda, Srinivasulu Gadugu, Madan LB Bhatt, Shailendra K Saxena. Calcarea carbonica treatment rescues lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in human mononuclear cells via downregulation of inducible cyclooxygenase pathway. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(5): 441-449.
[10] Pádraic J.Dunne, Julie Lynch, Lucia Prihodova, Caoimhe O'Leary, Atiyeh Ghoreyshi, Sharee A. Basdeo, Donal J.Cox, Rachel Breen, Ali Sheikhi, Áine Carroll, Cathal Walsh, Geraldine McMahon, Barry White. Burnout in the emergency department: Randomized controlled trial of an attention-based training program. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(3): 173-180.
[11] J.M. Oliver-Baxter, H.S. Whitford, D.A. Turnbull, M.J. Bond. Effects of vitamin supplementation on inflammatory markers and psychological wellbeing among distressed women: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(5): 322-328.
[12] Uday P. Pratap, Hannah P. Priyanka, Karthik R. Ramanathan, Vishak Raman, Lalgi Hima, Srinivasan Thyagarajan. Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice delays immunosenescence in the lymphocytes in lymph nodes of old F344 rats. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(3): 199-207.
[13] Xuan Liu, Li-juan Xiu, Jian-peng Jiao, Jing Zhao, Ying Zhao, Ye Lu, Jun Shi, Yong-jin Li, Min Ye, Yu-fang Gu, Xiao-wei Wang, Jing-yu Xu, Ci-an Zhang, Yong-ying Liu, Yun Luo, Xiao-qiang Yue. Traditional Chinese medicine integrated with chemotherapy for stage IV non-surgical gastric cancer: A retrospective clinical analysis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2017, 15(6): 469-475.
[14] Lilian Uchoa Carneiro, Ilna Gomes da Silva, Mirian Eliza Alves de Souza, Wellington da Silva Côrtes, Mário Geraldo de Carvalho, Bruno Guimarães Marinho. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extracts from Annona tomentosa R.E.Fr. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2017, 15(5): 379-387.
[15] Byung Hyuk Han, Yun Jung Lee, Jung Joo Yoon, Eun Sik Choi, Seung Namgung, Xian Jun Jin, Da Hye Jeong, Dae Gill Kang, Ho Sub Lee. Hwangryunhaedoktang exerts anti-inflammation on LPS-induced NO production by suppressing MAPK and NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2017, 15(4): 326-336.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Dong Yang, Yong-ping Du, Qing Shen, Wei Chen, Yan Yu, Guang-lei Chen. Expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in renal tubulointerstitium in patients with kidney collateral stasis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 41-44
[2] Hai-feng Wei, Bai-liu Ya, Ling Zhao, Cui-fei Ye, Li Zhang, Lin Li. Evaluation of tongue manifestation of blood stasis syndrome and its relationship with blood rheological disorder in a rat model of transient brain ischemia. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 73-76
[3] Xi Lin, Jian-ping Liu. Herbal medicines for viral myocarditis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 76
[4] Xi Lin, Jian-ping Liu. Tai chi for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 82
[5] Liang-ping Hu, Hui Gao. Discrimination of errors in statistical analysis of medical papers published in the first issue of 2006 in Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 98-106
[6] Yan-bo Zhu , Qi Wang, Cheng-yu Wu, Guo-ming Pang, Jian-xiong Zhao, Shi-lin Shen, Zhong-yuan Xia , Xue Yan . Logistic regression analysis on relationships between traditional Chinese medicine constitutional types and overweight or obesity. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1023-1035
[7] Wei Xu, Meng Shi, Jian-gang Liu, Cheng-long Wang . Collagen protein expressions in ischemic myocardium of rats with acute myocardial infarction and effects of qi-tonifying, yin-tonifying and blood-activating herbs and detoxifying and blood-activating herbs. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1041-1047
[8] Tao Wang , Feng Qin. Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Xiaoyao Powder on monoamine neurotransmitters in hippocampus of rats with postpartum depression. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1075-1079
[9] Ying Xu , Chang-chun Zeng , Xiu-yu Cai , Rong-ping Guo , Guang Nie , Ying Jin. Chromaticity and optical spectrum colorimetry of the tongue color in different syndromes of primary hepatic carcinoma. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1263-1271
[10] Xiang-ying Mao , Qin Bian , Zi-yin Shen. Analysis of the osteogenetic effects exerted on mesenchymal stem cell strain C3H10T1/2 by icariin via MAPK signaling pathway in vitro. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1272-1278