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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2010, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (2): 152-157.doi: 10.3736/jcim20100210

• Original Experimental Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Naoerkang on expressions of β-amyloid peptide 1-42 and neprilysin in hippocampus in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

 Hai-feng Yuana,Xi Lib, Qian-kun Quanc, Ning-ning Wangb, Yuan Lid, Ming Lib   

  1. a Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine,Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China;
    b Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine,Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China;
    c Research Center of Rehabilitation Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi5an Jiaotong Univer sity,Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi Province,China;
    d Department of Encephalopathy, Xi5an Electrical Power Center Hospital, Xi5an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2009-10-29 Accepted:2009-12-16 Online:2010-02-20 Published:2010-02-15
  • Contact: Xi Li E-mail:lixi2100@sohu.com

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Objective

To investigate the effects of Naoerkang (NEK), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on the expressions of β-amyloid peptide 1-42 (Aβ1-42) and neprilysin (NEP) in hippocampal tissues in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Methods

Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, untreated group, piracetam group, low-dose NEK group, medium-dose NEK group, and high-dose NEK group, with 8 rats in each group. Five microliters of Aβ1-42 (2 μg/μL) were injected into CA1 area of hippocampus in rat to establish AD model whereas the normal control rats were injected with same volume of normal saline for comparison. The rats in the NEK groups were treated respectively with high-, medium- and low-dose [60, 30, 15 g/(kg·d)] NEK for 28 days consecutively; piracetam [0.375 g/(kg·d)] was intragastrically administered to rats in the piracetam group; and normal saline was applied in the control and untreated groups. Y-maze test was used for behavioral study to test the learning and memory abilities of rats in different groups. The expressions of Aβ1-42 and NEP in hippocampus were determined by immunohistochemical method, and the results were analyzed by image acquisition and analysis system.
Results

Injection of Aβ1-42 could induce learning and memory dysfunction and up-regulate Aβ1-42 expression in hippocampal tissue in rats of the untreated group. Compared with the normal control group, the abilities of learning and memory of rats in the untreated group were significantly decreased (P<0.01) and the expression of Aβ1-42 was significantly increased (P<0.01) after model establishment. After 28-day administration of NEK and piracetam, the abilities of learning and memory of AD rats in piracetam and low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose NEK groups were significantly improved as compared with the untreated group (P<0.01 or P<0.05); the expression of Aβ1-42 in hippocampal tissues was decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05) and the expression of NEP was increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), especially in the high-dose NEK group.
Conclusion

NEK can play the role of anti-dementia by increasing the expression of NEP in hippocampal tissues of AD rats so as to reduce the quantity of Aβ1-42 and by improving the ability of learning and memory of rats with AD.

Key words: Naoerkang, Alzheimer's disease, β-amyloid peptide, Neprilysin, Rats

Figure 1

Site of injection of Aβ1-42 in area CA1 of hippocampus (Anatomical microscopy, ×40)"

Table 1

Learning and memory abilities of rats in different groups tested with Y-maze ($\bar{x}±s$)"

Times of getting electric shock
at the start (learning ability)		 Times of getting electric shock after
24 h (memory ability)
Group n After model establishment After treatment After model establishment After treatment
Normal control 8 30.88±4.19 7.14±1.96 3.50±2.39 0.63±0.92
Untreated 8 47.00±6.14** 26.71±2.56** 8.75±2.12** 10.14±3.18**
Piracetam 8 43.25±6.34** 16.63±6.48**△△ 9.38±3.11** 7.13±1.46**△△
Low-dose Naoerkang 8 42.63±5.66** 19.63±3.34**△△□□ 9.13±2.59** 6.63±1.69**△△
Medium-dose Naoerkang 8 44.75±3.73** 17.25±2.38**△△□ 8.88±3.48** 6.00±2.39**△△
High-dose Naoerkang 8 44.75±3.54** 12.63±3.25**△△▲ 8.25±2.82** 4.75±1.91**△△▲

Table 2

Expression of Aβ1-42 in hippocampal tissues of rats in different groups ($\bar{x}±s$)"

Group Expression of Aβ1-42 protein
n CA1 CA3 Dentate gyrus
Normal control 8 169.43±4.43 169.23±1.51 169.66±2.86
Untreated 7 155.08±3.00** 154.70±2.75** 158.64±2.58**
Piracetam 8 165.45±1.48**△△ 164.70±1.60**△△ 165.63±1.86**△△
Low-dose Naoerkang 8 161.21±1.24**△△▲▲□□ 161.92±2.58**△△▲▲□□ 162.87±1.21**△△▲▲□□
Medium-dose Naoerkang 8 164.39±1.60**△△□■ 164.12±1.52 **△△□■ 165.16±1.78**△△□■
High-dose Naoerkang 8 167.39±1.96△△ 166.61±1.51*△△ 167.80±1.44△△▲

Figure 2

Expression of Aβ1-42 in hippocampus in different groups observed by immunohistochemical method (Light microscopy, ×400)A: Normal control group; B: Untreated group; C: Piracetam group; D: Low-dose Naoerkang group; E: Medium-dose Naoerkang group; F: High-dose Naoerkang group."

Table 3

Expression of NEP protein in hippocampal tissues of rats in different groups ($\bar{x}±s$)"

Group n Expression of NEP protein
CA1 CA3 Dentate gyrus
Normal control 8 168.72±2.01 168.72±2.01 168.39±1.03
Untreated 7 168.70±1.11 168.70±1.11 169.00±1.16
Piracetam 8 165.82±1.37**△△ 162.81±1.66**△△ 161.92±2.28**△△
Low-dose Naoerkang 8 167.92±1.37▲▲□□ 165.50±1.63**△△▲▲□□ 166.46±1.67△▲▲□□
Medium-dose Naoerkang 8 166.16±1.26**△△□■ 163.13±1.20**△△ 164.29±1.19**△△▲□■
High-dose Naoerkang 8 164.63±1.32**△△ 161.92±2.16**△△ 161.77±3.45**△△

Figure 3

Expression of NEP in hippocampus in different groups observed by immunohistochemical method (Light microscopy, ×400)A: Normal control group; B: Untreated group; C: Piracetam group; D: Low-dose Naoerkang group; E: Medium-dose Naoerkang group; F: High-dose Naoerkang group."

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