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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2011, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (2): 194-200.doi: 10.3736/jcim20110213

• Original Experimental Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Amaranthus caudatus Linn. against paracetamol-induced hepatic injury in rats

Bagepalli Srinivas Ashok Kumar1(),Kuruba Lakshman2, Peresandra Avalakondarayppa Arun Kumar3, Gollapalle Lakshminarayana Shastry Viswantha3, Veeresh Prabhakar Veerapur4, Boreddy Shivanadppa Thippeswamy5, Bachappa Manoj6   

  1. 1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri K. V. College of Pharmacy, Chickballapur, Karnataka 562101, India
    2. Department of Pharmacognosy, PES College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka 560050, India
    3. Deparment of Pharmcology, Sri K. V. College of Pharmacy, Chickballapur, Karnataka 562101, India
    4. Department in Quality Assurance, Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Tumkur, Karnataka 572102, India
    5. Department of Pharmacology, Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Tumkur, Karnataka 572102, India
    6. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri K. V. College of Pharmacy, Chickballapur, Karnataka 562101, India
  • Received:2010-08-14 Accepted:2010-09-16 Online:2011-02-20 Published:2011-02-15
  • Contact: Srinivas Ashok Kumar Bagepalli E-mail:ashok4vani@gmail.com

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Objective: Methanol extract of whole plant of Amaranthus caudatus (MEAC) was screened for hepatoprotective potency against paracetamol (PCM)-induced liver damage in Wistar rats.
Methods: Rats of five groups were given sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, PCM, MEAC (200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively) plus PCM, and silymarin plus PCM, respectively. Fourteen days after administration, blood samples were collected for biochemical estimation, then animals were sacrificed and liver samples were collected, weighed and subjected for histopathological studies. Liver marker enzymes such as serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), total bilirubin (TB) and direct bilirubin (DB) levels and the markers for oxidative defense namely malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiols (TT) and catalase (CAT) were measured.
Results: MEAC at 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly normalized the PCM-induced biochemical changes compared with PCM-treated group (P<0.01); increased ALT, AST, TB and DB levels and decreased serum ALB were significantly reversed by the MEAC treatment (200 and 400 mg/kg). Treatment with MEAC (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly prevented the rise of MDA and TP levels (P<0.01), and prevented the reduction of GSH, CAT and TT levels significantly compared with PCM-treated group (P<0.01). Histopathological examination of the liver sections also proved the hepatoprotective activity of MEAC.
Conclusion: MEAC shows significant hepatoprotective activity against PCM-induced liver damage in rats. This finding supports the use of the plant in ethnomedicine for the treatment of liver diseases.

Key words: Amaranthus, plant extracts, hepatoprotective, paracetamol, animal experimenta- tion, rats

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Figure 1

Histopathology of liver tissues in different groups observed by haematoxylin-eosin staining (Light microscopy, ×100) A: Liver section of normal rat (group Ⅰ); B: Paracetamol-treated group (group Ⅱ); C: Paracetamol+methanolic extract of Amaranthus caudatus (200 mg/kg)-treated group (group Ⅲ); D: Paracetamol+methanolic extract of Amaranthus caudatus (400 mg/kg)-treated group (group Ⅳ); E: Paracetamol+silymarin (100 mg/kg)-treated group (group Ⅴ)."

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