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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2009, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (9): 855-.doi: 10.3736/jcim20090911

• Original Experimental Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Ruanmailing Oral Liquid on spatial learning and memory ability and expression of APE/Ref-1 in hippocampal CA1 region in rats with experimental vascular dementia

Jun-shan Huang,Wei-bo Zhang, Xing-min Zheng,Qiu-cheng Lin , Jing-yi Li, Zuo-dan Zhang, Jian Lin   

  1. Institute of Clinical Research, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2009-03-20 Accepted:2009-07-17 Online:2009-09-20 Published:2009-09-15
  • Contact: Jun-shan Huang E-mail:hjsh0825@163.com

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Objective

To study the effects of Ruanmailing Oral Liquid, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on spatial learning and memory ability and expression of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox factor-1 (APE/Ref-1) in hippocampal CA1 region in rats with experimental vascular dementia (VaD).
Methods

VaD was induced in rats by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries. Forty-five VaD rats were randomly divided into untreated group, nimodipine group, low-dose Ruanmailing group and high-dose Ruanmailing group. Another 15 rats underwent a sham operation consisting of similar skin incision and manipulation but without occlusion of carotid arteries. From the next day after occlusion, the rats were intragastrically administered with normal saline, nimodipine suspension or Ruanmailing Oral Liquid respectively for 30 days. Morris water maze experiment was adopted to test learning and memory of rats in each group. Expression of APE/Ref-1 protein in the hippocampal CA1 region was measured by immunohistochemical method.
Results

Escape latency was significantly shortened and number of entries in the target area of rats was significantly increased in the high-dose Ruanmailing group as compared with those in the untreated group (P<0.01). Compared with the untreated group, count of APE/Ref-1 positive cells was significantly increased in the hippocampal CA1 region in the high- and low-dose Ruanmailing groups (P<0.01). Compared with the low-dose group and the nimodipine group, the count of APE/Ref-1 positive cells was remarkably increased in the hippocampal CA1 region in rats of the high-dose Ruanmailing group (P<0.01). There was no statistical difference between the low-dose Ruanmailing group and the nimodipine group.
Conclusion

Ruanmailing Oral Liquid can improve the learning and memory ability and enhance the lowered expression level of APE/Ref-1 in the hippocampal CA1 region of rats with VaD.

Key words: Ruanmailing Oral Liquid, Dementia, Vascular, Maze learning, DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site), Yase, Rats

Figure 1

Escape latency of rats in Morris water maze test "

Table 1

Mean escape latency for place navigation in Morris water maze task in different groups ($\bar{x}$±s, s)"

Group n Escape latency
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5
Sham-operated 8 37.20±6.33 21.35±9.30 18.37±5.44 12.15±6.13 10.78±5.40
Untreated 8 60.26±9.53** 43.39±6.67** 36.08±7.22** 24.72±6.83** 22.53±7.39**
Nimodipine 9 53.43±5.69** 39.51±6.87** 28.77±5.93**△ 17.02±8.42△ 15.04±5.61△
Low-dose Ruanmailing 8 53.67±6.84**□ 41.08±6.95**□□ 33.92±6.74**□□ 24.83±8.09**▲□ 21.37±6.00**▲□
High-dose Ruanmailing 9 44.87±8.50*△△▲ 28.17±7.11△△▲▲ 20.08±6.87△△▲▲ 14.48±7.10△△ 13.14±5.82△△

Table 2

Number of entries in the target area and APE/Ref-1 positive cell number of rat hippocampal CA1 region in different groups ($\bar{x}$±s)"

Group n Number of entries in the target area Number of APE/Ref-1 positive cells (/HPF)
Sham-operated 8 8.50±1.20 90.70±9.92
Untreated 8 2.88±1.25** 40.40±8.84**
Nimodipine 9 4.89±1.76**△ 61.60±6.98**△△
Low-dose Ruanmailing 8 3.63±1.85**□□ 57.43±6.18**△△□□
High-dose Ruanmailing 9 6.89±1.54*△△▲▲ 71.80±5.98**△△▲▲

Figure 2

Expression of APE/Ref-1 protein in rat hippocampal CA1 region observed by immohistochemical staining (Light microscopy, ×400) A: Sham-operated group; B: Untreated group; C: Nimodipine group; D: Low-dose Ruanmailing group; E: High-dose Ruanmailing group."

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