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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2008, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (4): 346-351.doi: 10.3736/jcim20080404

• Original Clinical Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in patients with acute ischemic stroke of yin or yang syndrome: a multicenter trial

Jin-song You, Yan Huang(), Ye-feng Cai, Jian-wen Guo, Wei-xiong Liang, Pei-xin Huang, Mao-cai Liu   

  1. First Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, China
  • Received:2007-09-28 Online:2008-04-20 Published:2008-04-15
  • Contact: HUANG Yan E-mail:huang61@medmail.com.cn

Objective: To explore the composition characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in patients with acute ischemic stroke of yin or yang syndrome by investigating the characteristics of TCM syndromes at different periods after onset.
Methods: One thousand two hundred and forty-six patients with acute ischemic stroke were admitted in twenty hospitals. According to the "diagnostic criteria of syndrome differentiation of stroke", the characteristics of syndromes in the patients were investigated at the periods of 1-3 days, 4-10 days and 11-30 days after they had ischemic stroke. General distribution of six basic syndromes was compared between the patients with yin syndrome and the patients with yang syndrome at the three periods. The six basic syndromes were wind syndrome, pathogenic fire syndrome, phlegm syndrome, blood stasis syndrome, qi deficiency syndrome, and syndrome of yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity.
Results: The percentages of wind, pathogenic fire, and phlegm syndromes in the patients were decreased at the period of 11-30 days as compared with the period of 1-3 days (87.1% vs 79.3%, 52.1% vs 38.7% and 67.1% vs 57.4% respectively, P<0.01). However, the percentages of the syndromes of blood stasis, qi deficiency, and yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity were similar at the three periods (P>0.05). There were no differences in the distribution of yin and yang syndromes among the three periods (P>0.05). The percentages of syndromes of wind, pathogenic fire, phlegm, and yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity were higher (P<0.01), and the percentages of syndromes of blood stasis and qi deficiency were lower (P<0.05, P<0.01) in patients with yang syndrome than in patients with yin syndrome. The complex of three syndromes was the most frequent composition pattern in the patients at the three periods. The percentages of complex syndromes of four or five syndromes were higher, and the percentages of single-syndromes and complex syndromes of two syndromes were lower in patients with yang syndrome than in patients with yin syndrome (P<0.05, P<0.01). The most frequent complex syndromes in patients with yin syndrome were complex syndrome of wind, phlegm, blood stasis and qi deficiency, and complex syndrome of wind, phlegm and qi deficiency; while the most frequent complex syndromes in patients with yang syndrome were complex syndrome of wind, pathogenic fire, phlegm and qi deficiency, and complex syndrome of wind, pathogenic fire and phlegm.
Conclusion: The main discrimination between the yin and yang syndromes is that the yang syndrome is characterized by pathogenic fire. The syndromes of phlegm, qi deficiency, and blood stasis are not associated with the diagnosis of yin or yang syndrome.

Key words: stroke, symptom complex, yin syndrome, yang syndrome, clinical trial, multicentre

CLC Number: 

  • R743.3

Table 1

Basic information of patients at three research periods"

Period n Sex (M/F) Age ($\bar{x}$±s, years) OCSP (cases)
TACI PACI POCI LACI
1-3 days 411 238/173 69.4±10.5 26 223 32 130
4-10 days 429 229/200 68.1±10.7 21 234 37 137
11-30 days 406 212/194 68.3±10.0 15 219 36 136

Table 2

Incidence rates of syndromes in patients with ischemic stroke at three research periods [Cases (%)]"

Period n Wind Pathogenic fire Phlegm Blood stasis Qi deficiency Yin deficiency and
yang hyperactivity
1-3 days 411 358 (87.1) 214 (52.1) 275 (66.9) 159 (38.7) 205 (49.9) 95 (23.1)
4-10 days 429 358 (83.4) 201 (46.9) 274 (63.9) 155 (36.4) 201 (46.9) 95 (22.1)
11-30 days 406 322 (79.3)** 157 (38.7)** 234 (57.4)** 136 (33.5) 183 (45.1) 103 (25.4)

Table 3

Incidence rates of yin and yang syndromes in patients with ischemic stroke at three research periods [Cases (%)]"

Period n Yin syndrome Yang syndrome
1-3 days 411 217 (52.8) 194 (47.2)
4-10 days 429 244 (56.9) 185 (43.1)
11-30 days 406 237 (58.4) 169 (41.6)

Table 4

Incidence rates of six basic syndromes in patients with ischemic stroke of yin or yang syndrome [Cases (%)]"

Group n Wind Pathogenic fire Phlegm Blood stasis Qi deficiency Yin deficiency and
yang hyperactivity
Yin syndrome 698 560 (80.2) 167 (23.9) 412 (59.0) 270 (38.7) 359 (51.4) 136 (19.5)
Yang syndrome 548 478 (87.2)** 405 (73.9)** 370 (67.5)** 181 (33.0)* 230 (42.0)** 157 (28.6)**

Table 5

Complex syndromes in patients with ischemic stroke of yin or yang syndrome at period of 1-3 days [Cases (%)]"

Group One
syndrome
Two
syndromes
Three
syndromes
Four
syndromes
Five
syndromes
Six
syndromes
No
syndrome
Yin syndrome 21 (9.7)** 56 (25.8)** 83 (38.2) 45 (20.7)** 5 (2.3)** 4 (1.8) 3 (1.4)
Yang syndrome 3 (1.5) 27 (13.9) 58 (29.9) 70 (36.1) 32 (16.5) 4 (2.1) 0 (0)

Table 6

Complex syndromes in patients with ischemic stroke of yin or yang syndrome at period of 4-10 days [Cases (%)]"

Group One
syndrome
Two
syndromes
Three
syndromes
Four
syndromes
Five
syndromes
Six
syndromes
No
syndrome
Yin syndrome 29 (9.7)* 68 (27.9)** 74 (30.3) 53 (21.7) 11 (4.5)** 4 (1.6) 5 (2.0)
Yang syndrome 11 (5.9) 29 (15.7) 69 (37.3) 46 (24.9) 27 (14.6) 2 (1.1) 1 (0.5)

Table 7

Complex syndromes in patients with ischemic stroke of yin or yang syndrome at period of 11-30 days [Cases (%)]"

Group One
syndrome
Two
syndromes
Three
syndromes
Four
syndromes
Five
syndromes
Six
syndromes
No
syndrome
Yin syndrome 38 (16.0)** 65 (27.4) 80 (33.8) 40 (16.9) 7 (3.0)* 2 (0.8) 5 (2.1)
Yang syndrome 12 (7.1) 33 (19.5) 63 (37.3) 41 (24.3) 14 (8.3) 3 (1.8) 3 (1.8)
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