SUBSCRIBE
Search JIM Advanced Search

Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2012, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (8): 866-873.doi: 10.3736/jcim20120806

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Traditional Chinese medicine constitution types in 127 elderly patients with insomnia: An investigation in communities of Yangpu District, Shanghai

Chen Xia1, Qun-bang Zhu2, Feng Huang2, Jing-hui Huang2, Hong-da Chen2, Ming-jun Chen1, Wei Gu2,3, Bai Li 2,3, Fan-fu Fang2,3(), Liang-neng Wu4()   

  1. 1. Cadet Corps, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    2. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    3. Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    4. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Received:2012-06-20 Accepted:2012-07-03 Online:2012-08-20 Published:2018-08-15
  • Contact: Fang Fan-fu,Wu Liang-neng E-mail:fangfanfu@126.com;wuliangnen@sina.com

RichHTML

4

PDF (PC)

136

Like

Objective: To analyze the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types in elderly patients with insomnia.

Methods: The epidemiological data were collected from communities in the Yangpu District, Shanghai via a cross-sectional field survey. The elderly participants were enrolled by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale and the TCM Constitution Questionnaire.

Results: (1)The distribution of imbalanced constitutions between the elderly with insomnia and normal subjects showed statistical difference (P<0.01) and the elderly with insomnia tend to be of imbalanced constitutions. Among these unbalanced constitutions, deficient constitutions were more frequent than others in the elderly with insomnia, and yang-deficiency and qi-deficiency occurred mostly in unbalanced and simple constitutions. (2) Blood-stasis and qi-stagnation constitutions were more frequent in females than in males among the elderly with insomnia. Frequency of deficiency constitutions in the elderly increased as the age increases. (3) The frequency of composite constitutions was higher than that of simple constitutions in elderly patients with insomnia (74.8%), among which qi-deficiency was more likely to be composite with other constitutions.

Conclusion: Identification and classification of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types will provide further information for devising projects with systematic intervention for insomnia management.

Key words: body constitution (TCM), insomnia, epidemiological survey, clinical trial

Table 1

Distribution of 127 elderly patients with insomnia based on age"

Age Case Proportion Cumulative Proportion Age Case Proportion Cumulative Proportion
60~ 30 23.6 23.6 80~ 15 11.8 96.9
65~ 40 31.5 55.1 ≥85 4 3.1 100
70~ 22 17.3 72.4 Total 127 100
75~ 16 12.6 85.0

Table 2

Distribution of imbalanced constitutions in different states"

State Case Balanced (n, %) Imbalanced (n, %) χ2 value P value
Insomnia 127 15 (11.81%) 112 (88.19%) 42.36 <0.01
Normal 161 77 (47.83%) 84 (52.17%)

Table 3

Traditional Chinese medicine constitution types according to the maximal standardized scores of constitutions"

Constitution type Case Proportion Constitution type Case Proportion
Yang-deficiency 30 0.236 Phlegm-dampness 10 0.079
Qi-deficiency 28 0.220 Qi-stagnation 5 0.039
Blood-stasis 19 0.150 Dampness-heat 4 0.031
Balanced 15 0.118 Inherited special 1 0.008
Yin-deficiency 15 0.118

Table 4

Distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types based on gender (Case, %)"

Gender Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 Type 8 Type 9 Total
Male 11 (8.7) 17 (13.4) 10 (7.9) 6 (4.7) 4 (3.1) 1 (0.8) 3 (2.4) 1 (0.8) 0 (0) 53 (41.7)
Female 4 (3.1) 11 (8.7) 20 (15.7) 9 (7.1) 6 (4.7) 3 (2.4) 16 (12.6) 4 (3.1) 1 (0.8) 74 (58.3)

Table 5

Distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types based on age (Case)"

Age Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 Type 8 Type 9 Deficiency Excess
60~ 5 5 3 4 4 1 6 1 1 12 12
65~ 5 9 7 5 4 2 5 3 0 21 14
70~ 3 4 9 1 1 1 3 0 0 14 5
75~ 2 4 4 3 0 0 2 1 0 11 3
80~ 0 5 6 1 1 0 2 0 0 12 3
≥85 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 3 1

Figure 1

Distribution of balanced, deficiency and excess constitutions based on age"

Table 6

Grading of nine constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine"

Constitution type Distribution of grading of constitutions (cases) Constitution type Distribution of grading of constitutions (cases)
Yes Approximate No Yes Approximate No
Balanced 10 5 112 Dampness-heat 10 15 102
Qi-deficiency 43 35 49 Blood-stasis 31 27 69
Yang-deficiency 43 21 63 Qi-stagnation 13 20 94
Yin-deficiency 34 24 69 Inherited-special 6 16 105
Phlegm-dampness 25 24 78

Table 7

Frequency of constitution types with frequency ranking at the top 10"

Constitution type Case Proportion Constitution type Case Proportion
133333333 10 0.079 311333333 2 0.016
331333333 6 0.047 313233233 2 0.016
333333133 4 0.031 321232333 2 0.016
313333333 3 0.024 323133333 2 0.016
333133333 3 0.024 332333133 2 0.016

Table 8

Cross tabulation of composite status of every two imbalanced constitutions"

Item Composite status of every two imbalanced constitutions (cases)
Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 Type 8
Type 3 17 (44) — — — — — —
Type 4 16 (46) 9 (30) — — — — —
Type 5 14 (39) 8 (30) 14 (31) — — — —
Type 6 6 (20) 3 (13) 4 (14) 7 (18) — — —
Type 7 16 (44) 13 (29) 8 (34) 8 (28) 6 (18) — —
Type 8 8 (32) 3 (21) 6 (22) 9 (23) 4 (10) 8 (22) —
Type 9 3 (20) 4 (13) 4 (12) 3 (13) 2 (7) 2 (13) 1 (10)
[1] Lu HH, Fang NY . Pay attention to the study and construction of geriatric medical education: a significant historical mission of medical education in the 21st century[J]. Zhongguo Lao Nian Xue Za Zhi, 2011,10(31):4073-4074
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2011.20.102
陆惠华, 方宁远 . 重视老年医学教育的研究与建设——21世纪医学教育的重大历史使命[J]. 中国老年学杂志, 2011,10(31):4073-4074
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2011.20.102
[2] Li SY . Consider the population problem from data of the 6th national census[J]. Jing Ji Lun Tan, 2012,498(1):89-91
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3580.2012.01.025
李硕雅 . 从全国第六次人口普查看我国人口问题[J]. 经济论坛, 2012,498(1):89-91
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3580.2012.01.025
[3] Fang FF, Yue XQ, Gu W, Feng YL, Lang QB, Ling CQ . Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine constitution: an investigation of 4 649 veteran cadres in force[J]. Zhonghua Bao Jian Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2009,11(4):296-297
方凡夫, 岳小强, 顾伟, 封颖璐, 郎庆波, 凌昌全 . 4 649名部队老干部体质情况调查[J]. 中华保健医学杂志, 2009,11(4):296-297
[4] Kamel NS, Gammack JK . Insomnia in the elderly: cause, approach, and treatment[J]. Am J Med, 2006,119(6):463-469
doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.10.051 pmid: 16750956
[5] Wang Q . Status and prospect of constitutional theory in traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Zhongguo Zhong Yi Ji Chu Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2002,8(2):6-15
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-3250.2002.02.002
王琦 . 中医体质学说研究现状与展望[J]. 中国中医基础医学杂志, 2002,8(2):6-15
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-3250.2002.02.002
[6] Liu XC, Tang MQ, Hu L, Wang AZ, Wu HX, Zhao GF, Gao CN, Li WS . Reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index[J]. Zhonghua Jing Shen Ke Za Zhi, 1996,29(2):103-107
刘贤臣, 唐茂芹, 胡蕾, 王爱祯, 吴宏新, 赵贵芳, 高春霓, 李万顺 . 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的信度和效度研究[J]. 中华精神科杂志, 1996,29(2):103-107
[7] Zhu YB, Wang Q, Hideki O . Evaluation on reliability and validity of the constitution in Chinese medicine questionnaire[J]. Zhongguo Xing Wei Yi Xue Ke Xue, 2007,16(7):651-654
朱燕波, 王琦, 折笠秀树 . 中医体质量表的信度和效度评价[J]. 中国行为医学科学, 2007,16(7):651-654
[8] China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Classification and identification of constitutions in TCM. Beijing: China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2009. Chinese.
中华中医药学会. 中医体质分类与判定 . 北京: 中国中医药出版社. 2009.
[9] Yao SL. Four analysis methods for data of traditional Chinese medicine constitution scale based on SPSS statistical software.In: The Ninth Symposium on Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution sponsored by China Association of Chinese Medicine[M]. Nanjing: China Association of Chinese Medicine, 2011, 101-105
姚实林 . 基于SPSS软件的4种中医体质量表数据分析方法.//中华中医药学会第九届中医体质研讨会论文集[M]. 南京: 中华中医药学会, 2011, 101-105
[10] Yao SL, Zhang ZZ, Yang XS, Xu X, Cao J, Xie GY, Zhang Q . Analysis of composite traditional Chinese medicine constitution: an investigation of 974 volunteers[J]. J Chin Integr Med, 2012,10(5):508-515
姚实林, 张祖志, 杨新胜, 许霞, 曹健, 解光艳, 张倩 . 基于974例调查数据的中医兼夹体质分析[J]. 中西医结合学报, 2012,10(5):508-515
[11] Zhao ZX, Zhang ZH . Pay more attention on sleep[J]. Zhonghua Shen Jing Ke Za Zhi, 2011,44(8):513-515
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2011.08.001
赵忠新, 张照环 . 应给予睡眠更多的关注[J]. 中华神经科杂志, 2011,44(8):513-515
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2011.08.001
[12] Wang Q, Zhu YB . Epidemiological investigation of constitutional types of Chinese medicine in general population: Base on 21 948 epidemiological investigation data of nine provinces in China[J]. Zhonghua Zhong Yi Yao Za Zhi, 2009,24(1):7-12
王琦, 朱燕波 . 中国一般人群中医体质流行病学调查——基于全国9省市21 948例流行病学调查数据[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2009,24(1):7-12
[13] Wang C, Schmid CH, Rones R, Kalish R, Yinh J, Goldenberg DL, Lee Y , McAlindon T .A randomized trial of tai chi for fibromyalgia[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010,363(8):743-754
doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1010478#SA2 pmid: 21121850
[1] Ning Guo, Fei Wu, Mei Wu, Yuan Wang, Qing Lang, Xiao Lin, Yi Feng. Progress in the design and quality control of placeboes for clinical trials of traditional Chinese medicine . Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(3): 204-212.
[2] Rui-jin Qiu, Min Li, Jia-yuan Hu, Jing Chen, Hong-cai Shang. Methods for development of a core outcome set for clinical trials integrating traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(5): 389-394.
[3] Pratya Phetkate, Tanawan Kummalue, Prasob-orn Rinthong, Somboon Kietinun, Kusuma Sriyakul. Study of the safety of oral Triphala aqueous extract on healthy volunteers. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(1): 35-40.
[4] Ya-ru Huangfu, Wei Peng, Bao-jun Guo, Zhi-fu Shen, Li Li, Shi-wei, Liu, Hui Zheng, You-ping Hu. Effects of acupuncture in treating insomnia due to spleen-stomach disharmony syndrome and its influence on intestinal microbiome: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(3): 161-167.
[5] Arthur Yin Fan, Hui Ouyang, Xinru Qian, Hui Wei, David Dehui Wang, Deguang He, Haihe Tian, Changzhen Gong, Amy Matecki, Sarah Faggert Alemi. Discussions on real-world acupuncture treatments for chronic low-back pain in older adults. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(2): 71-76.
[6] L. Elisabeth Burton, Fares Qeadan, Mark R. Burge. Efficacy of equine-assisted psychotherapy in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(1): 14-19.
[7] Pei Qin, Bruce D. Dick, Ada Leung, Cary A. Brown . Effectiveness of hand self-shiatsu to improve sleep following sport-related concussion in young athletes: a proof-of-concept study. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(1): 24-29.
[8] Ubiratan Cardinalli Adler, Ana Carolina Acorinte, Fernando Oliveira Calzavara, Adriano Andréda Silva, Amarilys de Toledo Cesar, Maristela Schiabel Adler, Edson Zangiacomi Martinez, José Carlos Fernandes Galduróz. Double-blind evaluation of homeopathy on cocaine craving: A randomized controlled pilot study. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(3): 178-184.
[9] Shahnaz Karkon Varnosfaderani, Fataneh Hashem-Dabaghian, Gholamreza Amin, Mahbubeh Bozorgi, Ghazaleh Heydarirad, Esmaeil Nazem, Mohsen Nasiri Toosi, Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat. Efficacy and safety of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) in non-erosive reflux disease: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(2): 126-131.
[10] Maryam Sharifi-Ardani, Leili Yekefallah, Saeed Asefzadeh, Marjan Nassiri-Asl. Efficacy of topical chamomile on the incidence of phlebitis due to an amiodarone infusion in coronary care patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2017, 15(5): 373-378.
[11] Susana Seca, Sebastian Kirch, António S.Cabrita, Henry J.Greten. Evaluation of the effect of acupuncture on hand pain, functional deficits and health-related quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis—A study protocol for a multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2016, 14(3): 219-227.
[12] Yu-fangLin, Zhi-danLiu, WenMa, Wei-dongShen. Hazards of insomnia and the effects of acupuncture treatment on insomnia. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2016, 14(3): 174-186.
[13] Arthur Yin Fan. The methodology flaws in Hinman’s acupuncture clinical trial, Part III: Sample size calculation. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2015, 13(4): 209-211.
[14] Arthur Yin Fan. The methodology flaws in Hinman’s acupuncture clinical trial, Part II: Zelen design and effectiveness dilutions. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2015, 13(3): 136-139.
[15] Arthur Yin Fan. The methodology flaws in Hinman’s acupuncture clinical trial, Part I: Design and results interpretation. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2015, 13(2): 65-68.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Dong Yang, Yong-ping Du, Qing Shen, Wei Chen, Yan Yu, Guang-lei Chen. Expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in renal tubulointerstitium in patients with kidney collateral stasis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 41-44
[2] Hai-feng Wei, Bai-liu Ya, Ling Zhao, Cui-fei Ye, Li Zhang, Lin Li. Evaluation of tongue manifestation of blood stasis syndrome and its relationship with blood rheological disorder in a rat model of transient brain ischemia. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 73-76
[3] Xi Lin, Jian-ping Liu. Herbal medicines for viral myocarditis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 76
[4] Xi Lin, Jian-ping Liu. Tai chi for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 82
[5] Liang-ping Hu, Hui Gao. Discrimination of errors in statistical analysis of medical papers published in the first issue of 2006 in Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 98-106
[6] Yan-bo Zhu , Qi Wang, Cheng-yu Wu, Guo-ming Pang, Jian-xiong Zhao, Shi-lin Shen, Zhong-yuan Xia , Xue Yan . Logistic regression analysis on relationships between traditional Chinese medicine constitutional types and overweight or obesity. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1023-1035
[7] Wei Xu, Meng Shi, Jian-gang Liu, Cheng-long Wang . Collagen protein expressions in ischemic myocardium of rats with acute myocardial infarction and effects of qi-tonifying, yin-tonifying and blood-activating herbs and detoxifying and blood-activating herbs. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1041-1047
[8] Tao Wang , Feng Qin. Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Xiaoyao Powder on monoamine neurotransmitters in hippocampus of rats with postpartum depression. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1075-1079
[9] Ying Xu , Chang-chun Zeng , Xiu-yu Cai , Rong-ping Guo , Guang Nie , Ying Jin. Chromaticity and optical spectrum colorimetry of the tongue color in different syndromes of primary hepatic carcinoma. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1263-1271
[10] Xiang-ying Mao , Qin Bian , Zi-yin Shen. Analysis of the osteogenetic effects exerted on mesenchymal stem cell strain C3H10T1/2 by icariin via MAPK signaling pathway in vitro. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1272-1278
Journal of Integrative Medicine, ISSN: 2095-4964 CN 31-2083/R
Copyright © Journal of Integrative Medicine
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd
沪公网安备31010602003416号      沪ICP备18017633号-3