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Journal of Integrative Medicine ›› 2014, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 42-51.doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(14)60002-9

• Research Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Gastric antisecretory and cytoprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Plumeria alba Linn. leaves in rats

Manjusha Choudharya, Vipin Kumara, Surender Singhb   

  1. a Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India
    b All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
  • Received:2013-08-13 Accepted:2013-10-15 Online:2014-01-10 Published:2018-10-22

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Objective

This study was conducted to evaluate the antiulcerogenic property of hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the leaves of Plumeria alba Linn. 

Methods

Antiulcer assays were performed using the protocols of ulcer induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ethanol and pylorus ligation. The hydroalcoholic extract (HAPA), and various fractions of HAPA like, n-hexane extract (HPA), ethyl acetate extract (EAPA) and n-butanol extract (BPA) were administered at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg for HAPA and 100 and 200 mg/kg for fractions of extracts. Parameters of gastric secretion (volume, pH, total protein, and free and total acidity) were determined by the pylorus ligation model. Parameters like aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were also determined in ethanol-induced ulcer model. To determine the mechanism of action, role of nitric oxide was also evaluated. 

Results

EAPA and BPA (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) showed gastric ulcer-healing effect in indomethacin-induced ulcer model, while HAPA (200 mg/kg) and HPA showed no significant antiulcer effect. Both EAPA and BPA showed gastric cytoprotective effect in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and inhibited gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. 

Conclusion

The results of the present study show that some hydroalcoholic extract of Plumeria alba L. displays antiulcer activity, as demonstrated by the significant inhibition of ulcer formation induced by different models, which is consistent with the literature report in folk medicine.


Key words: Plumeria, Anti-ulcer agents, Plant extracts, Rats

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Figure 1

Effects of EAPA and BPA on macroscopic changes in ethanol-induced gastric ulcersResults showed that the rats pretreated with EAPA and BPA at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg had considerably reduced areas of gastric ulcer formation compared to rats pretreated with only Tween-80 (ulcer control). A: Alcohol control group; B: EAPA group; C: BPA group; D: Ranitidine group. EAPA: ethyl acetate extract; BPA: n-butanol extract."

Figure 2

Histological slices of the stomach tissues stained by hematoxylin and eosin from rats submitted to ethanol-induced gastric ulcer assay (Light microscopy, × 100) A: Control group damaged by ethanol; B: EAPA group treated with ethanol after pretreatment with EAPA; C: BPA group treated with ethanol after pretreatment with BPA; D: Ranitidine group treated with ethanol after pretreatment with ranitidine.EAPA: ethyl acetate extract; BPA: n-butanol extract."

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Figure 3

Effects of EAPA and BPA on macroscopic changes in the pylorus ligation in ratsResults showed that EAPA (100 mg/kg) and BPA (200 mg/kg) treatment prevented the gastric ulcer by reducing the acid secretion as compared to the vehicle control group.A: Vehicle control group; B: EAPA group; C: BPA group; D: Ranitidine group.EAPA: ethyl acetate extract; BPA: n-butanol extract."

Figure 4

Microscopic studies of the stomach tissues stained by hematoxylin and eosin from rats submitted to pylorus ligationinduced gastric ulcer assay (Light microscopy, × 100)A: Control group damaged by pylorus ligation; B: EAPA group treated with pylorus ligation after pretreatment with EAPA; C: BPA group treated with pylorus ligation after pretreatment with BPA; D: Ranitidine group treated with pylorus ligation after pretreatment with ranitidine.EAPA: ethyl acetate extract; BPA: n-butanol extract."

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