Search JIM Advanced Search

Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2013, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (1): 32-38.doi: 10.3736/jintegrmed2013006

• Research Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Curcumin alters motor coordination but not total number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum of adolescent male Wistar rats

Ginus Partadiredjaa(), Taufik Nur Yahyaa, Christiana Tri Nuryanab, Rina Susilowatic   

  1. a. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
    b. Department of Anatomy, Embryology, and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada,Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
    c. Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
  • Received:2012-05-15 Accepted:2012-07-05 Online:2013-01-10 Published:2013-01-15

Objective

The present study aimed at investigating the effects of curcumin on the motor coordination and the estimate of the total number of cerebellar Purkinje cells of adolescent Wistar rats exposed to ethanol.


Methods

The total of 21 male Wistar rats aged 37 d old were divided into three groups, namely ethanol, ethanol-curcumin, and control groups. The ethanol group received 1.5 g/kg ethanol injected intraperitoneally and water given per oral; the ethanol-curcumin group received 1.5 g/kg ethanol injected intraperitoneally and curcumin extract given per oral; the control group received saline injection and oral water. The treatment was carried out daily for one month, after which the motor coordination performance of the rats was examined using revolving drum apparatus at test days 1, 8, and 15. The rats were finally sacrificed and the cerebellum of the rats was further processed for stereological analysis. The estimate of the total number of Purkinje cells was calculated using physical fractionator method.


Results

The ethanol-curcumin group performed better than both ethanol and control groups in the motor coordination ability at day 8 of testing (P<0.01). No Purkinje cell loss was observed as a result of one month intraperitoneal injection of ethanol.


Conclusion

Curcumin may exert beneficial effects on the motor coordination of adolescent rats exposed to ethanol via undetermined hormetic mechanisms.

Key words: Curcumin, Purkinje cells, Antioxidants, Rats, Wistar

"

"

Figure 1

The micrograph of the three layers of cerebellum (Light microscopy, ×100) The Purkinje cells counted were those having nucleoli clearly visible (as indicated by arrows). ML: molecular layer; PL: Purkinje cell layer; GL: granule cell layer."

"

[1] Maggs JL , Schulenberg JE. Trajectories of alcohol use during the transition to adulthood. Alcohol Res Health. 2004/2005 ; 28(4):195-201.
[2] Ahsltrm SK , sterberg EL. International perspectives on adolescent and young adult drinking. Alcohol Res Health. 2004 /2005; 28(4):258-268.
[3] Shankar K, Ronis MJ, Badger TM . Effects of pregnancy and nutritional status on alcohol metabolism[J]. Alcohol Res Health, 2007,30(1):55-59
[4] Butterworth RF . Hepatic encephalopathy — a serious complication of alcoholic liver disease[J]. Alcohol Res Health, 2003,27(2):143-145
[5] Lukoyanov NV , Brand?o F, Cadete-Leite A, Madeira MD, Paula-Barbosa MM.Synaptic reorganization in the hippocampal formation of alcohol-fed rats may compensate for functional deficits related to neuronal loss[J]. Alcohol, 2000,20(2):139-148
doi: 10.1016/S0741-8329(99)00069-5
[6] Miki T, Harris SJ, Wilce P, Takeuchi Y, Bedi KS . Neurons in the hilus region of the rat hippocampus are depleted in number by exposure to alcohol during early postnatal life[J]. Hippocampus, 2000,10(3):284-295
doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1098-1063
[7] Miki T, Harris SJ, Wilce PA, Takeuchi Y, Bedi KS . Effects of age and alcohol exposure during early life on pyramidal cell numbers in the CA1-CA3 region of the rat hippocampus[J]. Hippocampus, 2004,14(1):124-134
doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1098-1063
[8] Tran TD, Kelly SJ . Critical periods for ethanol-induced cell loss in the hippocampal formation[J]. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 2003,25(5):519-528
doi: 10.1016/S0892-0362(03)00074-6
[9] Miki T, Harris S, Wilce P, Takeuchi Y, Bedi KS . The effect of the timing of ethanol exposure during early postnatal life on total number of Purkinje cells in rat cerebellum[J]. J Anat, 1999,194(Pt 3):423-431
doi: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.1999.19430423.x
[10] Maier SE, West JR . Regional differences in cell loss associated with binge-like alcohol exposure during the first two trimesters equivalent in the rat[J]. Alcohol, 2001,23(1):49-57
doi: 10.1016/S0741-8329(00)00133-6
[11] Deitrich R, Zimatkin S, Pronko S . Oxidation of ethanol in the brain and its consequences[J]. Alcohol Res Health, 2006,29(4):266-273
[12] Zakhari S . Overview: how is alcohol metabolized by the body? Alcohol Res Health. 2006; 29(4):245-254.
[13] Bala K, Tripathy BC, Sharma D . Neuroprotective and anti-ageing effects of curcumin in aged rat brain regions[J]. Biogerontology, 2006,7(2):81-89
doi: 10.1007/s10522-006-6495-x
[14] Jana NR, Dikshit P, Goswami A, Nukina N . Inhibition of proteasomal function by curcumin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway[J]. J Biol Chem, 2004,279(12):11680-11685
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M310369200
[15] Lim GP, Chu T, Yang F, Beech W, Frautschy SA, Cole GM . The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse[J]. J Neurosci, 2001,21(21):8370-8377
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-21-08370.2001
[16] Atamna H, Boyle K . Amyloid-β peptide binds with heme to form a peroxidase: relationship to the cytopathologies of Alzheimer's disease[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2006,103(9):3381-3386
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600134103
[17] Kumar P, Padi SS, Naidu PS, Kumar A . Possible neuroprotective mechanisms of curcumin in attenuating 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity[J]. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 2007,29(1):19-25
doi: 10.1358/mf.2007.29.1.1063492
[18] Kumar A, Naidu PS, Seghal N, Padi SS . Effect of curcumin on intracerebroventricular colchicine-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in rats[J]. J Med Food, 2007,10(3):486-494
doi: 10.1089/jmf.2006.076
[19] Rajeswari A . Curcumin protects mouse brain from oxidative stress caused by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine[J]. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2006,10(4):157-161
[20] Spear L . Modeling adolescent development and alcohol use in animals[J]. Alcohol Res Health, 2000,24(2):115-123
[21] Hiller-Sturmh?fel S , Swartzwelder HS. Alcohol’s effects on the adolescent brain. What can be learnd from animal models. Alcohol Res Health. 2004/2005; 28(4):213-221.
[22] Jana K, Jana N, De DK, Guha SK . Ethanol induces mouse spermatogenic cell apoptosis in vivo through over-expression of Fas/Fas-L, p53, and caspase-3 along with cytochrome c translocation and glutathione depletion[J]. Mol Reprod Dev, 2010,77(9):820-833
doi: 10.1002/mrd.21227
[23] Lundqvist C, Alling C, Knoth R, Volk B . Intermittent ethanol exposure of adult rats: hippocampal cell loss after one month of treatment[J]. Alcohol Alcohol, 1995,30(6):737-748
[24] Smart JL, Bedi KS . Early life undernutrition in rats. 3. Motor performance in adulthood[J]. Br J Nutr, 1982,47(3):439-444
doi: 10.1079/BJN19820055
[25] Partadiredja G, Bedi KS . Mice undernourished before, but not after, weaning perform better in motor coordination and spatial learning tasks than well-fed controls[J]. Nutr Neurosci, 2011,14(4):129-137
doi: 10.1179/147683011X13009738172486
[26] Gundersen HJ . Stereology of arbitrary particles. A review of unbiased number and size estimators and the presentation of some new ones, in memory of William R. Thompson[J]. J Microsc, 1986,143(Pt 1):3-45
doi: 10.1111/jmi.1986.143.issue-1
[27] Meydani M, Hasan ST . Dietary polyphenols and obesity[J]. Nutrients, 2010,2(7):737-751
doi: 10.3390/nu2070737
[28] Shehzad A, Ha T, Subhan F, Lee YS . New mechanisms and the anti-inflammatory role of curcumin in obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases[J]. Eur J Nutr, 2011,50(3):151-161
doi: 10.1007/s00394-011-0188-1
[29] Sood PK, Nahar U, Nehru B . Curcumin attenuates aluminum-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain[J]. Neurotox Res, 2011,20(4):351-361
doi: 10.1007/s12640-011-9249-8
[30] Shukla PK, Khanna VK, Khan MY, Srimal RC . Protective effect of curcumin against lead neurotoxicity in rat[J]. Hum Exp Toxicol, 2003,22(12):653-658
doi: 10.1191/0960327103ht411oa
[31] Sharma V, Nehru B, Munshi A, Jyothy A . Antioxidant potential of curcumin against oxidative insult induced by pentylenetetrazol in epileptic rats[J]. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 2010,32(4):227-232
doi: 10.1358/mf.2010.32.4.1452090
[32] Kumar TP, Antony S, Gireesh G, George N, Paulose CS . Curcumin modulates dopaminergic receptor, CREB and phospholipase C gene expression in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats[J]. J Biomed Sci, 2010,17:43
doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-17-43
[33] Peeyush KT, Gireesh G, Jobin M, Paulose CS . Neuroprotective role of curcumin in the cerebellum of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats[J]. Life Sci, 2009,85(19-20):704-710
doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.09.012
[34] Mattson MP, Son TG, Camandola S . Viewpoint: mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of neurohormetic phytochemicals[J]. Dose Response, 2007,5(3):174-186
[35] Rattan SI . Principles and practice of hormetic treatment of aging and age-related diseases[J]. Hum Exp Toxicol, 2008,27(2):151-154
doi: 10.1177/0960327107083409
[36] Rattan SI . Aging, anti-aging, and hormesis[J]. Mech Ageing Dev, 2004,125(4):285-289
doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2004.01.006
[37] Spear LP, Varlinskaya EI . Low dose effects in psychopharmacology: ontogenetic considerations[J]. Nonlinearity Biol Toxicol Med, 2005,3(1):97-111
[38] Calabrese EJ, Baldwin LA . Ethanol and hormesis[J]. Crit Rev Toxicol, 2003,33(3-4):407-424
doi: 10.1080/713611043
[39] Pauli J, Wilce P, Bedi KS . Acute exposure to alcohol during early postnatal life causes a deficit in the total number of cerebellar Purkinje cells in the rat[J]. J Comp Neurol, 1995,360(3):506-512
doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9861
[40] Goodlett CR, Lundahl KR . Temporal determinants of neonatal alcohol-induced cerebellar damage and motor performance deficits[J]. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 1996,55(4):531-540
doi: 10.1016/S0091-3057(96)00248-1
[41] Goodlett CR, Eilers AT . Alcohol-induced Purkinje cell loss with a single binge exposure in neonatal rats: a stereological study of temporal windows of vulnerability[J]. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 1997,21(4):738-744
[42] Light KE, Belcher SM, Pierce DR . Time course and manner of Purkinje neuron death following a single ethanol exposure on postnatal day 4 in the developing rat[J]. Neuroscience, 2002,114(2):327-337
doi: 10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00344-5
[43] Grisel JJ, Chen WJ . Antioxidant pretreatment does not ameliorate alcohol-induced Purkinje cell loss in the developing rat cerebellum[J]. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2005,29(7):1223-1229
doi: 10.1097/01.ALC.0000171932.13148.CF
[44] Lee Y, Rowe J, Eskue K, West JR, Maier SE . Alcohol exposure on postnatal day 5 induces Purkinje cell loss and evidence of Purkinje cell degradation in lobule I of rat cerebellum[J]. Alcohol, 2008,42(4):295-302
doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2008.01.010
[45] Idrus NM , McGough NN, Riley EP, Thomas JD.Administration of memantine during ethanol withdrawal in neonatal rats: effects on long-term ethanol-induced motor incoordination and cerebellar Purkinje cell loss[J]. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2011,35(2):355-364
doi: 10.1111/acer.2011.35.issue-2
[46] Pierce DR, Williams DK, Light KE . Purkinje cell vulnerability to developmental ethanol exposure in the rat cerebellum[J]. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 1999,23(10):1650-1659
doi: 10.1111/acer.1999.23.issue-10
[47] Pentney RJ, Dlugos CA . Cerebellar Purkinje neurons with altered terminal dendritic segments are present in all lobules of the cerebellar vermis of ageing, ethanol-treated F344 rats[J]. Alcohol Alcohol, 2000,35(1):35-43
doi: 10.1093/alcalc/35.1.35
[48] Dlugos CA, Pentney RJ . Morphometric evidence that the total number of synapses on Purkinje neurons of old F344 rats is reduced after long-term ethanol treatment and restored to control levels after recovery[J]. Alcohol Alcohol, 1997,32(2):161-172
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a008250
[49] Dlugos CA . Ethanol-related smooth endoplasmic reticulum dilation in purkinje dendrites of aging rats[J]. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2006,30(5):883-891
doi: 10.1111/acer.2006.30.issue-5
[50] Dlugos CA . Ethanol-related increases in degenerating bodies in the Purkinje neuron dendrites of aging rats[J]. Brain Res, 2008,1221:98-107
doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.05.015
[51] White AM, Truesdale MC, Bae JG, Ahmad S, Wilson WA, Best PJ, Swartzwelder HS . Differential effects of ethanol on motor coordination in adolescent and adult rats[J]. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 2002,73(3):673-677
doi: 10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00860-2
[1] Talat Albukhari, Bassem Refaat, El-Sayed Bakr, Sameh Baz, Bodour Rajab, Hossam Gadalla, Mohamed El-Boshy. Salvadora persica extract attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatorenal damage by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(4): 348-354.
[2] Zeinab Vafaeipour, Bibi Marjan Razavi, Hossein Hosseinzadeh. Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its constituent (curcumin) on the metabolic syndrome: An updated review. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2022, 20(3): 193-203.
[3] Sutticha Ruangchuay, Qiang-qiang Wang, Liang-yi Wang, Jing Lin, Yong-chao Wang, Guo-huan Zhong, Katesarin Maneenoon, Ze-bo Huang, Sasitorn Chusri. Antioxidant and antiaging effect of traditional Thai rejuvenation medicines in Caenorhabditis elegans . Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(4): 362-373.
[4] Bing-rong Li, Shi-yun Shao, Long Yuan, Ru Jia, Jian Sun, Qing Ji, Hua Sui, Li-hong Zhou, Yi Zhang, Hui Liu, Qi Li, Yan Wang, Bi-meng Zhang. Effects of mild moxibustion on intestinal microbiome and NLRP3 inflammasome in rats with 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(2): 144-157.
[5] Olarewaju M. Oluba, Oghenerobor B. Akpor, Feyikemi D. Adebiyi, Sunday J. Josiah, Olayinka O. Alabi, Ayoola O. Shoyombo, Augustine O. Olusola. Effects of co-administration of Ganoderma terpenoid extract with chloroquine on inflammatory markers and antioxidant status in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(6): 522-529.
[6] Sitthichai Iamsaard, Supatcharee Arun, Jaturon Burawat, Supataechasit Yannasithinon, Saranya Tongpan, Sudtida Bunsueb, Natthapol Lapyuneyong, Pannawat Choowong-in, Nareelak Tangsrisakda, Chadaporn Chaimontri, Wannisa Sukhorum. Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and reproductive toxicity of aqueous extract of Thai Mucuna pruriens seeds. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(3): 265-273.
[7] Syed Fairus, Hwee Ming Cheng, Kalyana Sundram. Antioxidant status following postprandial challenge of two different doses of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2020, 18(1): 68-79.
[8] Fatma Mohamed Hussein Shediwah, Khalid Mohammed Naji, Hussein Saleh Gumaih, Fatima A Alhadi, Amani Lutf Al-Hammami, Myrene Roselyn D'Souza. Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activity of Costus speciosus against atherogenic diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rabbits. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(3): 181-191.
[9] Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari, Fahad Hussain, Hnin Ei Thu, Zahid Hussain. Synergistic effects of combined therapy of curcumin and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi for treatment of osteoporosis: cellular and molecular evidence of enhanced bone formation. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 17(1): 38-45.
[10] Rohitash Jamwal. Bioavailable curcumin formulations: A review of pharmacokinetic studies in healthy volunteers. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(6): 367-374.
[11] Morufu Eyitayo Balogun, Elizabeth Enohnyaket Besong, Jacinta Nkechi Obimma, Ogochukwu Sophia Mbamalu, Fankou Serges Athanase Djobissie. Protective roles of Vigna subterranea (Bambara nut) in rats with aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(5): 342-349.
[12] Carola Analía Torres, Cristina Marisel Pérez Zamora, María Beatriz Nuñez, Ana María Gonzalez. In vitro antioxidant, antilipoxygenase and antimicrobial activities of extracts from seven climbing plants belonging to the Bignoniaceae. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(4): 255-262.
[13] Lucky Legbosi Nwidu, Raphael Ellis Teme. Hot aqueous leaf extract of Lasianthera africana (Icacinaceae) attenuates rifampicin-isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(4): 263-272.
[14] Akintayo Lanre Ogundajo, Lateef Apollo Adeniran, Anofi Omotayo Ashafa. Medicinal properties of Ocotea bullata stem bark extracts: Phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, cytotoxicity and inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(2): 132-140.
[15] Bhanuz Dechayont, Arunporn Itharat, Pathompong Phuaklee, Jitpisute Chunthorng-Orn, Thana Juckmeta, Nuntika Prommee, Nitra Nuengchamnong, Pintusorn Hansakul. Antioxidant activities and phytochemical constituents of Antidesma thwaitesianum Müll. Arg. leaf extracts. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2017, 15(4): 310-319.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Dong Yang, Yong-ping Du, Qing Shen, Wei Chen, Yan Yu, Guang-lei Chen. Expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in renal tubulointerstitium in patients with kidney collateral stasis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 41-44
[2] Hai-feng Wei, Bai-liu Ya, Ling Zhao, Cui-fei Ye, Li Zhang, Lin Li. Evaluation of tongue manifestation of blood stasis syndrome and its relationship with blood rheological disorder in a rat model of transient brain ischemia. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 73-76
[3] Xi Lin, Jian-ping Liu. Herbal medicines for viral myocarditis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 76
[4] Xi Lin, Jian-ping Liu. Tai chi for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 82
[5] Liang-ping Hu, Hui Gao. Discrimination of errors in statistical analysis of medical papers published in the first issue of 2006 in Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 98-106
[6] Yan-bo Zhu , Qi Wang, Cheng-yu Wu, Guo-ming Pang, Jian-xiong Zhao, Shi-lin Shen, Zhong-yuan Xia , Xue Yan . Logistic regression analysis on relationships between traditional Chinese medicine constitutional types and overweight or obesity. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1023-1035
[7] Wei Xu, Meng Shi, Jian-gang Liu, Cheng-long Wang . Collagen protein expressions in ischemic myocardium of rats with acute myocardial infarction and effects of qi-tonifying, yin-tonifying and blood-activating herbs and detoxifying and blood-activating herbs. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1041-1047
[8] Tao Wang , Feng Qin. Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Xiaoyao Powder on monoamine neurotransmitters in hippocampus of rats with postpartum depression. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1075-1079
[9] Ying Xu , Chang-chun Zeng , Xiu-yu Cai , Rong-ping Guo , Guang Nie , Ying Jin. Chromaticity and optical spectrum colorimetry of the tongue color in different syndromes of primary hepatic carcinoma. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1263-1271
[10] Xiang-ying Mao , Qin Bian , Zi-yin Shen. Analysis of the osteogenetic effects exerted on mesenchymal stem cell strain C3H10T1/2 by icariin via MAPK signaling pathway in vitro. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(11): 1272-1278