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Journal of Integrative Medicine ›› 2018, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 350-357.doi: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.07.005

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Antimicrobial activity of Cannabis sativaThuja orientalis and Psidium guajava leaf extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Shohini Chakraborty a, Nashra Afaq a, Neelam Singh a, Sukanta Majumdar b   

  1. a Department of Microbiology, Saaii College of Medical Science and Technology, Chaubepur, Kanpur 209203, India
    b Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal 732103, India

  • Received:2018-01-31 Accepted:2018-06-09 Online:2018-09-09 Published:2018-07-29
  • Contact: Sukanta Majumdar; E-mail: smajumdarwbes@gmail.com

Objective
This study examined the antimicrobial activity of Cannabis sativa, Thuja orientalis and Psidium guajava against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and used a standardized purification protocol to determine the presence and abundance of bioactive compounds in the leaf extracts.


Methods

In vitro antimicrobial activities of the ethanolic extracts of C. sativa, T. orientalis and P. guajava were tested against MRSA. The presence of bioactive molecules in these three leaves was evaluated using biochemical assays and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC).


Results

Resistance to methicillin, penicillin, oxacillin and cefoxitin was observed in each of the clinical and nonclinical MRSA isolates. However, they were still vulnerable to vancomycin. Used individually, the 50% extract of each plant leaf inhibited MRSA growth. A profound synergism was observed when C. sativa was used in combination with T. orientalis (1:1) and when P. guajava was used in combination with T. orientalis (1:1). This was shown by larger zones of inhibition. This synergism was probably due to the combined inhibitory effect of phenolics present in the leaf extracts (i.e., quercetin and gallic acid) and catechin, as detected by HPTLC.


Conclusion

The leaf extracts of C. sativa, T. orientalis and P. guajava had potential for the control of both hospital- and community-acquired MRSA. Moreover, the inhibitory effect was enhanced when extracts were used in combination.

Key words: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Antimicrobial activity, Plant extracts, Synergistic effect, High-performance thin-layer chromatography

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