Search JIM Advanced Search

Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2007, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1): 11-14.doi: 10.3736/jcim20070103

• Commentary • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Methods of selecting outcome variables for clinical intervention

Xia Wan1,2, Jian-ping Liu2, Hong-wei Zhang2, Yan-ke Ai2   

  1. 1. Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Epidemiology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
    2. Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Center for Clinical Research and Evaluation, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • Online:2007-01-31 Published:2007-01-21

There are two stages for selecting the clinical intervention outcome variables. One is crude collection and the other is precise collection. The selection methods include brainstorming method, Delphi method, Gordon method, systematic review, systematic analysis method, mathematic model method and so on. Each method has some advantages or disadvantages. When selecting the clinical intervention outcome variables, researchers should make sure the research aim, the representative and the sensitivity of the variables, and select all kinds of recommended methods comprehensively, then decide which method should be used.

Key words: clinic studies, intervention studies, outcome assessment, methods

CLC Number: 

  • R-3
[1] 郭新峰, 朱泉, 赖世隆 . 替代指标和中间指标及其在中医药疗效评价研究中应用价值的思考[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志, 2005,25(7):585-590
Guo XF, Zhu Q, Lai SL . Thinking on surrogate outcomes, intermediary outcomes and their application in TCM clinical efficacy evaluation[J]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, 2005,25(7):585-590
[2] 郭新峰, 赖世隆, 梁伟雄 . 中医药临床疗效评价中结局指标的选择与应用[J]. 广州中医药大学学报, 2002,19(4):251-255
Guo XF, Lai SL, Liang WX . Choice and application of the outcome indexes for clinical effectiveness assessment of traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Guangzhou Zhong Yi Yao Da Xue Xue Bao, 2002,19(4):251-255
[3] 王关义.生产管理( 第2版)[M]. 北京: 北京经济管理出版社,2002,(第2版):
Wang GY. Manufacture management(2nd ed)[M]. Beijing: Economic Management Press,2002,(2nd ed):
[4] 曾光 . 现代流行病学方法与应用(第2版)[M]. 北京: 北京医科大学中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1994,(第2版):
Zeng G. Method and application of modern epidemiology(2nd ed)[M]. Beijing: Union Publishing House of Beijing University of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical University,1994,(2nd ed):
[5] .[ 陶翔, 施雯, . 德尔菲法的基本概念. .
[ Tao X, Shi W .Basic concepts of the Delphi method. THER].Tao X, Shi W. Basic concepts of the Delphi method. . Chinese.
[6] . Gordon TJ. . The Delphi method. .
[7] 王吉耀 . 循证医学与临床实践(第2版)[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社,2006,(第2版):
Wang JY . Evidence-based medicine and clinical practice(2nd ed) [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers , 2006,(2nd ed):
[8] 余松林 . 医学统计学(第1版)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社,2003,(第1版):
Yu SL. Medical statistics(1st ed)[M]. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House,2003,(1st ed):
[9] 金丕焕 . 医用统计方法(第2版)[M]. 上海: 复旦大学出版社,2003,(第2版):
Jing PH. Medical statistical methods(2nd ed)[M]. Shanghai: Fudan University Press,2003,(2nd ed):Chinese
[10] 孙振球 . 医学统计学(第1版)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社,2002,(第1版):
Sun ZQ.Medical statistics( 1st ed ) [M].Beijing: People's Medical Pulblishing House, 2002,( 1st ed):
[1] Rui-jin Qiu, Min Li, Jia-yuan Hu, Jing Chen, Hong-cai Shang. Methods for development of a core outcome set for clinical trials integrating traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(5): 389-394.
[2] Stergios Tsiormpatzis. Is the N-of-1 method applicable in bodywork research? Lessons learned using a trial as a methodological pilot. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021, 19(3): 203-210.
[3] Fabiana de Almeida Andrade, Caio Fabio Schlechta Portella. Research methods in complementary and alternative medicine: An integrative review. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 16(1): 6-13.
[4] Steven H. Stumpf, Kory Ward-Cook, Clifford R. Carr. Comparing outcomes from the two most recognized acupuncturist workforce surveys. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2017, 15(1): 37-43.
[5] Peggy Bosch, Peter de Rover, Sujung Yeo, Sook-Hyun Lee, Sabina Lim, Maurits van den Noort. Traditional Chinese medicine in psychiatry: The fruit-basket-problem. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2016, 14(4): 239-240.
[6] Feng-bin Liu, Zheng-kun Hou, Yun-ying Yang, Pei-wu Li, Qian-wen Li, Nelson Xie, Jing-wei Li, Xiang-jing Zeng. Literature review and analysis of the application of health outcome assessment instruments in Chinese medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2013, 11(3): 157-167.
[7] Feng-bin Liu, Zheng-kun Hou, Yun-ying Yang, Zheng-zheng Zhang, Di Xie, Nelson Xie, Hong Thach Nguyen. Literature review and analysis of the development of health outcomes assessment instruments in Chinese medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2013, 11(2): 80-89.
[8] Jian-sheng Li, Ya Li, Su-yun Li, Yuan-yuan Wang, Li Deng, Yan-ge Tian, Su-li Jiang , Ying Wang. Long-term effects of Tiaobu Feishen therapies on systemic and local inflammation responses in rats with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(9): 1039-1048.
[9] Ying-fei Bi, Jing-yuan Mao. Application of Delphi method in traditional Chinese medicine clinical research. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(3): 264-270.
[10] Tao Liu , Li-li Yang , Li Zhang, Hai-yan Song , Dong-fei Li , Guang li. Comparative study on the effects of different therapeutic methods in preventing and treating nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(10): 1120-1126.
[11] Ping Wang , Xu-dong Tang , Bao-yan Liu , Ming-jie Zi . Development of a patient-reported outcome instrument for chronic gastrointestinal diseases: Item selection. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2012, 10(10): 1092-1098.
[12] Yan-ming Xie, Xing Liao, Yong-yan Wang. Introduce the idea of comparative effectiveness research to clinical research of Chinese medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011, 9(8): 813-818.
[13] Ming Ren, Wei-wei Liu, Zeng-tao Sun, Ji-hong Feng, Hong-cai Shang. Concept and significance of a subjective and multiple index system of clinical evaluation for traditional Chinese medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011, 9(6): 588-591.
[14] Jun Shi, Pin-kang Wei. The phlegm theory of gastric cancer. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011, 9(6): 581-587.
[15] Chia-Chun Hung, Pin-Kuei Fu, Hsyn-Yi Wang, Chin-Hong Chan, Tsuo-Hung Lan. Treatment effects of traditional Chinese medicines Suoquan Pill and Wuling Powder on clozapine-induced hypersalivation in patients with schizophrenia: Study protocol of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011, 9(5): 495-502.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Jin-zhou Tian, Jing Shi, Xin-qing Zhang, Qi Bi, Xin Ma, Zhi-liang Wang, Xiao-bin Li, Shu-li Shen, Lin Li, Zhen-yun Wu, Li-yan Fang, Xiao-dong Zhao, Ying-chun Miao, Peng-wen Wang, Ying Ren, Jun-xiang Yin, Yong-yan Wang, Beijing United Study Group on MCI of the Capital Foundation of Medical Developments. An explanation on "guiding principles of clinical research on mild cognitive impairment (protocol)". Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 15-21
[2] Yi-ting He, Qing-lin Zha, Jian-ping Yu, Yong Tan, Cheng Lu, Ai-ping Lv. Principal factor analysis of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and their correlations with efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 32-36
[3] Jun Cai, Hua Wang, Sheng Zhou, Bin Wu, Hua-rong Song, Zheng-rong Xuan. Effect of Sijunzi Decoction and enteral nutrition on T-cell subsets and nutritional status in patients with gastric cancer after operation: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 37-40
[4] Wei Zhang, Xiang-feng Lu, Xiao-mei Zhang, Jian-jun Wu, Liang-duo Jiang. A rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by infusing bleomycin quickly through tracheal intubation. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 60-67
[5] A-gao Zhou, Yong Zhang, Gang Kui, De-Yun Kong, Hai-liang Ge, Qiu-hua Ren, Jia-rong Dong, Sheng Hong, Xu-ming Mao, Yin Wang, Hui-zheng Zhang, Shu-jun Wang. Influence of traditional Chinese compound recipes with different efficacy on body weight, tumor weight and immune function in H22 cancer-bearing mice. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 77-82
[6] Guo-hong Yuan, Xiao-jing Pang, He-chao Ma. Synergic effects of Danggui Buxue Decoction in reducing toxicity of cytoxan in tumor-bearing mice. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 83-88
[7] Li Zhou, Hong-xing Zhang, Ling-guang Liu, Wen-jun Wan. Effect of electro-acupuncture at Fenglong (GV 16) on nitric oxide and endothelin in rats with hyperlipidemia. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 89-92
[8] Jin-zhou Tian, Jing Shi, Xin-qing Zhang, Qi Bi, Xin Ma, Zhi-liang Wang, Xiao-bin Li, Shu-li Shen, Lin Li, Zhen-yun Wu, Li-yan Fang, Xiao-dong Zhao, Ying-chun Miao, Peng-wen Wang, Ying Ren, Jun-xiang Yin, Yong-yan Wang, Beijing United Study Group on MCI of the Capital Foundation of Medical Developments. Guiding principles of clinical research on mild cognitive impairment (protocol). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2008, 6(1): 9-14
[9] Xin-jun Wang, Ling-ling Wang . A mechanism of endogenous opioid peptides for rapid onset of acupuncture effect in treatment of depression. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1014-1017
[10] Bo Wang , Wei Yan , Li-hui Hou, Xiao-ke Wu. Disorder of Tiangui (kidney essence) and reproductive dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2010, 8(11): 1018-1022