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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2011, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (7): 794-803.doi: 10.3736/jcim20110715

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A study of association rules in three-dimensional property-taste-effect data of Chinese herbal medicines based on Apriori algorithm

Jin Rui1,Lin Qian2(),Zhang Bing1(),Liu Xin1,Liu Sen-mao2,Zhao Qian1,Liu Xiu-lan1   

  1. 1. School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
    2. School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 101871, China
  • Received:2010-02-23 Accepted:2011-04-06 Online:2011-07-20 Published:2018-10-14

The theory of four properties (Qi) and five tastes (Wei) is the core of the property theory of Chinese materia medica. It is known that Qi and Wei are associated with the pharmacological effects (Xiao) of herbs. This study took records of all 365 Chinese herbs in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica (Shennong Ben Cao Jing) as the data resource and established a three-dimensional data cube, in the purpose of finding out and analyzing the frequent patterns and valued association rules of Qi, Wei and Xiao based on Apriori algorithm. The results of this study may give rise to innovative ideas and methods in research of traditional Chinese materia medica.

Key words: properties and flavours, 4 natures and 5 flavours, Bencaojing, mathematics, Apriori algorithms, Chinese medicine property theory

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名称 类型1 类型2
寒热 “寒热”单独出现:营卫表证 “寒热”前后有定语(如脏腑、骨节、腹中、皮肤):寒热病
邪气 “邪气”单独出现或为“寒热邪气”:致病因素 “邪气”前后有定语(如心腹、心下):馀气、气滞

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功效 气?效 效?气
轻身延年 26.8% 48.4% 34.6% 19.6% 46.6% 21.1%
除热 30.9% 11.7% 6.2% 48.4% 24.2% 8.1%
欬逆上气 6.2% 10.2% 24.7% 14.0% 30.2% 46.5%
金疮 1.0% 3.9% 8.6% 5.3% 26.3% 36.8%

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四气 气?效 效?气
>45% 45%~35% 35%~15% <15% >45% 45%~35% 35%~15% <15%
0 0 9 84 6 11 50 26
微温 0 3 9 81 0 0 14 79
1 0 5 87 18 26 43 6
微寒 0 2 6 85 0 0 16 77
0 0 9 84 14 6 52 21

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四气 气?效 效?气


痿病?温 (66.7%),风头眩痛?温 (64.7%),温中?温 (63.6%),下气?温 (50.0%),和颜色?温 (47.1%),欬逆上气?温 (46.5%)
微温




平?轻身延年 (48.4%)



腰痛?平 (88.9%),肥健?平 (75.0%),安魂魄?平 (71.4%),不饥?平 (59.3%),痉病?平 (58.8%),阴痿不起?平 (56.3%),强志?平 (52.6%),通血脉?平 (50.0%),益子精?平 (50.0%),痂疥?平 (50.0%),和五脏?平 (50.0%),痔?平 (50.0%),解毒?平 (50.0%),补中?平 (48.9%),轻身延年?平 (46.6%),养精神?平 (46.15%),益精气?平 (45.5%),坚筋骨?平 (45.5%)
微寒






消渴?寒 (77.8%),荡涤蓄结饮食?寒 (77.8%),黄疸?寒 (63.6%),杀虫虱毒?寒 (62.5%),淋病?寒 (50.0%),身面浮肿?寒 (50.0%),泄泻?寒 (50.0%),除热?寒 (48.4%),烦满?寒 (46.7%),消水?寒 (46.7%),利水道?寒 (45.9%),目赤痛?寒 (45.5%), 折跌绝筋?寒 (45.5%),臌胀?寒 (45.5%)

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五味 味?效 效?味
>45% 45%~35% 35%~15% <15% >45% 45%~35% 35%~15% <15%
1 0 8 84 0 1 4 88
0 0 7 86 17 25 38 13
2 0 5 86 13 7 34 39
0 0 9 84 16 11 46 20
0 0 6 87 0 1 20 72

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味?效 效?味
酸?轻身延年 (46.7%)








瘿瘤瘰疬?苦 (83.3%),黄疸?苦 (81.8%),荡涤蓄结饮食?苦 (77.8%),臌胀?苦 (72.7%),身面浮肿?苦 (64.3%),除热?苦 (61.3%),消渴?苦 (55.6%),痔?苦 (55.6%),消水?苦 (53.3%),痈疽疮疡?苦 (50.8%),止痛?苦 (50.0%),疥瘙?苦 (50.0%),通血脉?苦 (50.0%),痿病?苦 (50.0%),痉病?苦 (47.1%),目赤痛?苦 (45.5%),结气?苦 (45.2%)



甘?轻身延年 (76.3%),甘?益精气 (48.7%)

不饥?甘 (77.8%),安魂魄?甘 (71.4%),长肌肉?甘 (66.7%),虚劳羸瘦?甘 (60.0%),养精神?甘 (53.8%),崩中漏下?甘 (53.3%),聪耳?甘 (52.9%),肥健?甘 (50.0%),除百病?甘 (50.0%),补中?甘 (48.9%),益精气?甘 (48.1%),和颜色?甘 (47.1%),补不足?甘 (46.2%)








胸满?辛 (66.7%),辟恶气?辛 (66.7%),身痒?辛 (66.7%),温中?辛 (63.6%),通神明?辛 (62.5%),下气?辛 (58.3%),疝瘕?辛 (55.6%),精魅邪鬼?辛 (54.2%),恶肉死肌?辛 (53.8%),风头眩痛?辛 (52.9%),疟疾?辛 (52.4%),欬逆上气?辛 (51.2%),杀虫虱毒?辛 (50.0%),痂疥?辛 (50.0%),中风?辛 (47.6%),杀蛊毒?辛 (46.2%)

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四气 (气∧味)?效 效?(气∧味)
甘温?轻身延年 (57.1%),甘温?益精气 (50.0%) 温中?辛温 (54.5%),风头眩痛?辛温 (41.2%)
微温
甘微温?轻身延年 (60.0%),甘微温?益精气 (60.0%),辛微温?轻身延年 (44.4%),咸微温?癥瘕积聚 (66.7%)

酸平?轻身延年(57.1%),酸平?益精气 (42.9%),酸平?痹病 (42.9%),甘平?轻身延年 (84.2%),甘平?益精气 (50.0%) 不饥?甘平 (51.9%),安魂魄?甘平 (42.9%)
微寒 苦微寒?除热 (52.9%),甘微寒?轻身延年 (100.0%)


甘寒?轻身延年 (73.3%),甘寒?寒热(营卫表证) (40.0%),甘寒?益精气 (40.0%),辛寒?除热 (47.4%),辛寒?痈疽疮疡 (42.1%) 荡涤蓄积饮食?苦寒 (66.7%),消渴?苦寒 (55.6%),黄疸?苦寒 (54.5%),臌胀?苦寒 (45.5%),身面浮肿?苦寒 (42.9%)
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