Figure 1

Average particle size obtained from dynamic light scattering data for Bioplatin"

Figure 2

Zeta potential of Bioplatin"

Figure 3

Surface morphology of Bioplatin observed by scanning electron microscopy (30.0 kV, ×100 000)"

Figure 4

Surface morphology observed by atomic force microscopy in two different scanning modes"

Figure 5

Circular dichroism spectra of calf thymus DNA incubated with Bioplatin A: Calf thymus DNA; B: Calf thymus DNA plus 20 μmol/L Bioplatin; C: Calf thymus DNA plus 40 μmol/L Bioplatin."

Figure 6

Fourier-transform infrared spectra of Bioplatin mixed with honey"

Figure 7

Cell viability of Bioplatin with different concentrations against PBMCs (A) and A375 cells (B) tested by MTT assay All results were expressed with vehicle control as 100%. Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation, n=3; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, vs control group. PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cell; MTT: 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo-(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide."

Figure 8

Fluorescence photomicrographs of A375 cells stained with DAPI A: Cells were stained with DAPI (a: Control; b to d: 24, 48, and 72 h after 100 μg/mL Bioplatin treatment). The cells were harvested at different time intervals and the blue fluorescence was monitored by fluorescence microscopy (×10). B: Histogram represents average fluorescence intensity of cells after DAPI staining. Data are represented as mean ± standard error, n=3; **P<0.01, vs control group. DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole."

Figure 9

Fluorescence photomicrographs of A375 cells stained with Hoechst 33258 A: Cells were stained with Hoechst 33258 (a: Control; b to d: 24, 48, and 72 h after 100 μg/mL Bioplatin treatment). The cells were harvested at different time intervals and the blue fluorescence was monitored by fluorescence microscopy (×10). B: Histogram represents average fluorescence intensity of cells after Hoechst 33258 staining. Data are represented as mean ± standard error, n=3; **P<0.01, vs control group."

Figure 10

DNA fragmentation after treatment of cells with Bioplatin in different time intervals A375 cells were treated with 100 μg/mL Bioplatin for 24, 48 and 72 h and Genomic DNA was extracted and DNA was separated on 1% agarose gels and stained with ethidium bromide. L1: Control DNA; L2: DNA from treated cells (24 h); L3: DNA from treated cells (48 h); L4: DNA from treated cells (72 h); L5: A standard DNA ladder."