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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2010, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (11): 1080-1084.doi: 10.3736/jcim20101113

• Literature Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Diagnosis and treatment rule of traditional Chinese medicine for syndrome factors of chronic congestive heart failure: a study based on Shannon entropy method

 Chan Chena, Yong-mei Menga, Peng Zhanga, Juan Wanga, Hui-hu Zhaoib,Shu-zhen Guoa, Wei Wangb   

  1. a School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
    b Department of Postgraduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2010-04-13 Accepted:2010-05-25 Online:2010-11-20 Published:2010-11-15
  • Contact: Wei Wang E-mail:wangwei@bucm.edu.cn

Objective

The primary aim of this research is to systematically sort out and analyze available clinical documents for chronic congestive heart failure in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and to explore the diagnosis and treatment rule of TCM syndrome factors with data mining method.

Methods

Based on the China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), using “chronic heart failure” or “chronic congestive heart failure” or “chronic cardiac insufficiency” and “traditional Chinese medicine” or “syndrome” or “integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine” as keywords for literature selection, we used Shannon entropy nonlinear complex system method for the feature extraction after data preprocessing.

Results

The statistics showed that yang deficiency, qi deficiency, blood stasis, water retention, yin deficiency, and turbid phlegm were principal TCM syndrome factors; herbs of qi-tonifying, blood-activating, water-draining, phlegm-dispelling, exterior-releasing, interior-warming were main drugs for clinical application. The symptoms and Chinese herbs which intimately connect with TCM syndrome factors were extracted, while their diagnostic contribution degrees were quantified by correlation coefficient. The symptoms which had high scores were general syndromes while the symptoms which had low scores were specific manifestations of a certain patient. Common Chinese herbs corresponding to each syndrome factor were picked out, indirectly reflecting their frequencies in clinical application.

Conclusion

Based on data mining of the relationship among the four diagnostic methods of TCM, syndrome factors and herbs, this study provided references for differentiation of TCM syndrome and selection of Chinese medicine according to clinical syndrome factors.

Key words: Heart failure, Symptom complex, Shannon entropy method, Nonlinear dynamics

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证候要素 频次/频率(%) 证候要素 频次/频率(%)
阳虚 151/20.7 阴虚 7/1.0
气虚 133/18.2 6/0.8
血瘀 125/17.1 血虚 4/0. 5
水停 104/14.2 气不固 3/0.4
阴虚 56/7. 7 阳亢 3/0.4
痰浊 41/5.6 气脱 2/0. 3
29/4.0 阳浮 1/0. 1
湿 19/2.6 气陷 1/0. 1
气滞 18/2.5 1/0. 1
阳脱 15/2.1 1/0. 1
10/1.4

"

证候 中医四诊 关联 证候 中医四诊 关联
要素 系数值 要素 系数值
阳虚 肢冷 0. 232 气虚 乏力 0. 067
沉脉 0. 174 气短 0. 058
肢肿 0. 133 神疲 0. 050
畏寒 0. 125 面目浮肿 0. 047
恶実 0. 079 自汗 0. 043
白苔 0. 069 肢冷 0. 041
淡舌 0. 065 倚息不能卧 0. 040
胖大舌 0. 062 少尿 0. 040
面目浮肿 0. 061 肢肿 0. 034
血瘀 瘀点/瘀斑舌 0. 209 水停 肢肿 0. 130
涩脉 0. 182 口唇青紫 0. 071
口唇青紫 0. 167 白苔 0. 067
胸痛 0. 134 滑苔 0. 054
肝肿大 0. 127 少尿 0. 045
暗舌 0. 108 纳呆 0. 044
紫舌 0. 100 畏寒 0. 043
颈脉怒张 0. 071 咳痰 0. 040
爪甲青紫 0. 062 腹水 0. 036
阴虚 红舌 0. 230 痰浊 滑脉 0. 151
口干 0. 190 稠痰 0. 110
盗汗 0. 163 咳痰 0. 099
脉数 0. 142 腻苔 0. 072
不寐 0. 133 黄痰 0. 068
少苔 0. 113 黄苔 0. 066
少津舌 0. 083 弦脉 0. 049
颧红 0. 078 代脉 0. 047
头晕 0. 073 白痰 0. 040

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中药 频次/频率(%) 中药 频次/频率(%)
茯苓 187/5.8 桃仁 54/1.7
丹参 153/4.7 甘草 47/1.5
附子 150/4.6 大枣 43/1.3
白术 134/4.2 红参 42/1.3
黄芪 125/3.9 干姜 41/1.3
葶苈子 122/3.8 猪苓 38/1.2
桂枝 117/3.6 生地黄 37/1. 1
五味子 85/2.6 益母草 33/1. 0
炙甘草 84/2.6 桑白皮 31/1. 0
人参 81/2.5 半夏 30/0. 9
麦冬 80/2.5 肉桂 28/0. 9
泽泻 72/2.2 陈皮 28/0. 9
红花 70/2.2 枳壳 27/0.8
当归 69/2.1 桔梗 26/0.8
赤芍 64/2.0 泽兰 24/0. 7
党参 63/2.0 牡蛎 24/0. 7
白芍 62/1.9 五加皮 21/0. 7
车前草 59/1.8 三七 21/0. 7
川芎 56/1.7 龙骨 21/0. 7
生姜 55/1.7 杏仁 19/0. 6

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中药 频次/频率(%) 中药 频次/频率(%)
补气药 619/24.5 收涩药 85/3.4
活血药 387/15.3 补阴药 80/3.2
利水药 380/15.1 补阳药 28/1.1
化痰止咳药 256/10.1 理气药 27/1.1
温里药 191/7.6 平肝药 24/1.0
解表药 172/6.8 祛风湿药 21/0.8
补血药 131/5.2 安神药 21/0.8
清热药 101/4.0

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证候 中药 关联 证候 中药 关联
要素 系数值 要素 系数值
阳虚 附子 0.288 水停 桂枝 0. 046
白术 0. 070 葶苈子 0. 042
桂枝 0. 034 泽泻 0. 039
干姜 0. 009 白术 0. 031
红参 0. 006 茯苓 0. 030
补骨脂 0. 005 猪苓 0. 025
肉桂 0. 005 车前草 0. 022
木香 0. 005 仙茅 0. 020
气虚 太子参 0. 090 阴虚 麦冬 0. 180
黄芪 0. 083 五味子 0. 092
白术 0. 075 生地黄 0. 054
西洋参 0. 051 阿胶 0. 040
党参 0. 050 玉竹 0. 034
红参 0. 044 西洋参 0. 024
人参 0. 043 酸枣仁 0. 021
甘草 0. 035 沙参 0. 020
血瘀 红花 0. 063 痰浊 半夏 0. 120
川芎 0. 050 栝萎 0. 050
丹参 0. 044 陈皮 0. 034
赤芍 0. 034 薤白 0. 030
桃仁 0. 030 杏仁 0. 028
益母草 0. 026 白芥子 0. 023
降香 0. 020 鱼腥草 0. 022
香附 0. 011 石菖蒲 0. 019
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