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Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ›› 2007, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (4): 451-456.doi: 10.3736/jcim20070418

• Original Experimental Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Naomaitong and thrombolysis on injuries of lung and stomach in rats with cerebral ischemia

Jing-xia Liu1, Jian-sheng Li1, Dong Wang2, Jing Su1, Xiao-yan Guo1, Jie Sun1, Ning Li1   

  1. 1. Department of Geriatrics, Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450008, China
    2. Children's Hospital, Women and Children Care Centre, Luoyang, Henan Province 471000, China
  • Online:2007-07-31 Published:2007-05-15

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Objective: To study the protective effects of Naomaitong, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, used together with thrombolysis therapy, on injuries of the lung and stomach in rats with cerebral ischemia.Methods: Rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, untreated group, urokinase group (thrombolysis group), Naomaitong group, thrombolysis plus Naomaitong group. Cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by autonomous blood blot and inserted nylon thread. Rats were administrated with thrombolysis therapy through artery 3, 6 and 9 h after cerebral ischemia respectively. Twenty-four hours after the administration, mortality of the rats, and the brain and stomach hemorrhage ratios, as well as the pathological changes of the brain, lung and stomach were observed, and then cerebral infarct size (CIS) and lung water ratio (LWR) were measured.Results: Compared with the sham-operated group, the rat mortality, and the brain and stomach hemorrhage ratios increased, the CIS enlarged, pathological changes of the brain, lung and stomach appeared obvious, and the LWR increased. Naomaitong plus thrombolysis treatment improved the changes above significantly. In the untreated rats with cerebral ischemia, injuries of the brain, lung and stomach were aggravated, the CIS enlarged and the LWR increased in the 9 h group as compared with those in the 3 h group. In the thrombolysis plus Naomaitong group, the pathological changes were improved, the CIS diminished and the LWR reduced.Conclusion: Injuries of the lung and stomach can be caused by cerebral ischemia, and the impairment was exacerbated following the prolongation of the ischemia. Thrombolysis therapy can cause brain and stomach hemorrhage. Thrombolysis therapy used early can perform protection against the injuries. Naomaitong, used together with thrombolysis, can reduce the mortality,the brain and stomach hemorrhage ratios, and perform protective effects on the injuries of cerebral ischemia.

Key words: cerebral ischemia, lung, stomach, mortality, pathology, rats

CLC Number: 

  • R743.31

Table 1

Rat mortality in each group"

Group n Mortality
Sham-operated 18 5.56%（1/18）
Untreated 47 31.91%（15/47）**
Thrombolysis 49 30.61%（15/49）▲
Naomaitong 49 16.33%（8/49）△
Thrombolysis plus Naomaitong 50 14%（7/50）△

Table 2

Rat brain hemorrhage ratio in each group"

Group n Hemorrhage ratio
Sham-operated 18 5.56%（1/18）
Untreated 43 25.58%（11/43）*
Thrombolysis 43 48.83%（21/43）△▲
Naomaitong 44 18.18%（8/44）
Thrombolysis plus Naomaitong 45 22.22%（10/45）

Table 3

Rat stomach hemorrhage ratio in each group"

Group n Hemorrhage ratio
Sham-operated 18 5.56%（1/18）
Untreated 50 28%（14/50）**
Thrombolysis 50 30%（15/50）▲
Naomaitong 52 15.38%（8/52）△
Thrombolysis plus Naomaitong 52 13.46%（7/52）△

Table 4

Rat brain infarct size and lung water content in each group（ヌ±S ）"

Group n Brain infarct size (%) Lung water content (%)
Sham-operated 10 0 11.51±1.82
Untreated
3 h 10 32.86±0.48** 20.67±2.95**
6 h 10 34.99±1.04**□□ 23.30±3.54**□
9 h 10 38.95±2.35□□■■ 26.54±3.66**□□■
Thrombolysis
3 h 10 24.18±1.13△△ 13.51±2.20△△
6 h 10 28.93±0.47△△□□ 17.32±2.55△△□□
9 h 10 30.98±1.63△△ □□■■ 23.26±3.01△▲□□■■
Naomaitong
3 h 10 27.94±1.64△△▲▲ 13.65±2.68△△
6 h 10 30.54±1.05△△▲▲□□ 19.50±3.51△□□
9 h 10 33.64±1.47△△▲▲□□■■ 23.58±2.88△▲□□■■
Thrombolysis plus Naomaitong
3 h 10 22.01±0.91△△▲▲ 13.21±2.16△△
6 h 10 25.44±1.07△△▲▲□□ 16.46±1.99△△□□
9 h 10 27.79±1.27△△▲▲□□■ 20.46±1.88△△□□■■

Table 5

Rat brain pathological change in each group"

Group n Number of rats in different pathological stage Sum of ranks
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
Sham-operated 10 7 2 1 0 226.5
Untreated
3 h 10 1 2 6 1 554.5**
6 h 10 1 2 5 2 579.5**
9 h 10 1 2 4 3 604.5**□
Thrombolysis
3 h 10 2 5 2 1 429△▲
6 h 10 2 3 4 1 479△△
9 h 10 2 3 3 2 529△△▲□
Naomaitong
3 h 10 2 4 3 1 454△△▲
6 h 10 1 5 3 1 479.5△△
9 h 10 1 4 3 2 529.5△△▲□
Thrombolysis plus Naomaitong
3 h 10 4 3 2 1 378△△
6 h 10 3 3 3 1 428.5△△
9 h 10 3 2 4 1 453.5△△▲□

Table 6

Rat stomach and lung pathological changes in each group"

Group n Stomach Lung
Number of rats in different
pathological stage		 Sum of ranks Number of rats in different
pathological stage		 Sum of ranks
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
Sham-operated 10 7 3 0 0 201.5 6 3 1 0 252
Untreated
3 h 10 2 5 2 1 429** 2 6 1 1 404**
6 h 10 1 4 3 2 529.5** 1 5 3 1 479.5**
9 h 10 0 3 4 3 630**□■ 0 4 4 2 580**□□■
Thrombolysis
3 h 10 2 6 1 1 404 2 7 1 0 354
6 h 10 2 5 2 1 429△ 2 5 3 0 404
9 h 10 1 1 5 3 629.5▲▲□□■ 2 3 4 1 479△△▲□□
Naomaitong
3 h 10 3 5 2 0 353.5 4 4 1 1 353
6 h 10 3 4 3 0 378.5△△ 4 3 2 1 378△△
9 h 10 3 1 5 1 478.5△△□ 4 2 2 2 428△△□
Thrombolysis plus Naomaitong
3 h 10 3 4 3 0 378.5 4 3 2 1 378
6 h 10 3 3 3 1 428.5△△ 4 4 1 1 353△△
9 h 10 3 2 4 1 453.5△△ 3 5 1 1 378.5△△
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